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Questions and Answers
What tissue change primarily occurs during the late stage of healing following a myocardial infarction?
What tissue change primarily occurs during the late stage of healing following a myocardial infarction?
- Heavy neutrophilic infiltration
- Wavy myocardial fibers
- Necrosis of the myocardium
- Formation of granulation tissue (correct)
Which feature is characteristic of an acute myocardial infarction within the first 1-5 days?
Which feature is characteristic of an acute myocardial infarction within the first 1-5 days?
- Granulation tissue formation
- Coagulative necrosis of cardiac myocytes (correct)
- Loss of normal myocardial architecture
- Collagen deposition
What is a common histological finding in a splenic white infarct?
What is a common histological finding in a splenic white infarct?
- Central zone of red blood cells
- Wedge-shaped area of coagulative necrosis (correct)
- Thickened alveolar septa
- Extensive fibrosis throughout the splenic tissue
Which of the following changes is associated with hemorrhagic foci in the brain?
Which of the following changes is associated with hemorrhagic foci in the brain?
What is a potential consequence of pulmonary embolism that affects the lung parenchyma?
What is a potential consequence of pulmonary embolism that affects the lung parenchyma?
During a recent myocardial infarction, what primarily causes the loss of cross-striations in muscle fibers?
During a recent myocardial infarction, what primarily causes the loss of cross-striations in muscle fibers?
What histological feature is typical for a hemorrhagic infarct in the brain?
What histological feature is typical for a hemorrhagic infarct in the brain?
In the case of a splenic white infarct, which observation is most likely?
In the case of a splenic white infarct, which observation is most likely?
Flashcards
Post-Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Post-Myocardial Infarction (MI)
The healing stage after an MI characterized by granulation tissue and collagen deposition.
Granulation Tissue
Granulation Tissue
Tissue formed during healing, containing fibroblasts, macrophages, and new capillaries.
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Stage of MI within 1-5 days, showing coagulative necrosis and neutrophil infiltration.
Coagulative Necrosis
Coagulative Necrosis
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Splenic White Infarct
Splenic White Infarct
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Hemorrhagic Foci of the Brain
Hemorrhagic Foci of the Brain
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Pulmonary Embolism
Pulmonary Embolism
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Interstitial Edema
Interstitial Edema
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Study Notes
Post-Myocardial Infarction (MI) (Late Stage/Healing MI)
- Granulation tissue forms, including fibroblasts, new capillaries, and macrophages.
- Collagen deposition replaces dead heart tissue (fibrosis).
- Reduced inflammatory response is evident.
- Normal heart tissue structure is lost.
- Ventricular wall may thin, especially in chronic cases.
Recent Myocardial Infarction (Acute MI, within 1-5 days)
- Cardiac muscle cells show coagulative necrosis (preserved cell outlines but lost nuclei).
- Contraction band necrosis (wavy fibers) can be observed.
- Neutrophils initially infiltrate the area.
- Interstitial edema and hemorrhage are seen.
- Cross-striations in muscle fibers are lost.
Splenic White Infarct
- Wedge-shaped area of coagulative necrosis, pale and eosinophilic.
- Ghost outlines of cells remain.
- Inflammatory cells (neutrophils, macrophages) surround the necrotic area.
- Possible hemorrhagic border due to nearby tissue congestion.
- Normal splenic structure is lost.
Hemorrhagic Foci of the Brain
- Red blood cells leak into tissues (extravasation).
- Macrophages contain iron (hemosiderin) if the condition is chronic.
- Blood vessels are congested and enlarged.
- Edema and inflammation occur in surrounding tissues.
- Blood vessels may have thrombi.
Pulmonary Embolism
- Blood clot blocks a pulmonary artery (thrombus).
- Affected lung tissue shows ischemic coagulative necrosis.
- Hemorrhagic infarcts can occur if blood supply is compromised.
- Alveolar septa thicken, and the lung tissue becomes congested.
- Infiltration of neutrophils is a sign of the inflammatory response.
Pulmonary Edema
- Alveolar spaces fill with protein-poor fluid.
- Capillaries in the alveoli are engorged.
- Hemosiderin-laden macrophages are present in chronic cases.
- Alveolar walls thicken due to interstitial edema.
- Hyaline membranes are sometimes seen in severe cases.
Coagulative Necrosis
- Dead cells appear eosinophilic and have preserved cell outlines.
- Cytoplasm condensates, becoming more eosinophilic.
- Cell nuclei exhibit karyolysis, pyknosis, or karyorrhexis.
- Inflammatory cells (initially neutrophils, later macrophages) surround the area.
- Congestion and blood pooling are present in cases of ischemic origin.
- Macrophages remove necrotic tissue eventually.
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