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Questions and Answers
Which characteristic is commonly associated with heart hypertrophy?
Which characteristic is commonly associated with heart hypertrophy?
What component is primarily found in the lipid core of an atherosclerotic plaque?
What component is primarily found in the lipid core of an atherosclerotic plaque?
Which of the following is a feature of myocardial infarction?
Which of the following is a feature of myocardial infarction?
Which morphological feature is associated with an aortic aneurysm?
Which morphological feature is associated with an aortic aneurysm?
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In infective endocarditis, what primarily composes the vegetations?
In infective endocarditis, what primarily composes the vegetations?
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What is a morphological feature of left-sided hypertension?
What is a morphological feature of left-sided hypertension?
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Which type of endocarditis is characterized by small, sterile thrombi on valve leaflets?
Which type of endocarditis is characterized by small, sterile thrombi on valve leaflets?
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Study Notes
Heart Hypertrophy
- Characterized by increased ventricular wall thickness.
- Enlarged cardiac myocytes are a key feature.
- Fibrosis is observed in the heart tissue.
- Myocyte architecture displays disarray.
Atherosclerotic Plaque
- Comprises a lipid core, primarily LDLs and cholesterol.
- A fibrous cap, made of collagen and fibroblasts, surrounds the lipid core.
- Inflammatory cells, including macrophages and T cells, are present within the plaque.
- Calcium deposits are often found within the plaque.
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
- Coagulative necrosis is a hallmark of myocardial infarction.
- Neutrophils infiltrate the damaged tissue.
- Granulation tissue forms during the healing process.
- Fibrous scar formation replaces the necrotic tissue.
Aortic Aneurysm (Morphological Features)
- Focal dilation of the aortic wall is a defining characteristic.
- Thinning of the tunica media is often observed.
- Mural thrombus can form within the aneurysm.
- Degeneration of elastin and collagen contributes to the weakening of the aortic wall.
Endocarditis (All Types)
- Infective endocarditis: Vegetations of fibrin, platelets, and microorganisms; cause valve destruction or perforation.
- Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE): Small, sterile thrombi on valve leaflets without significant inflammation.
- Libman-Sacks endocarditis: Sterile vegetations on both sides of the valve, associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Left-Sided Hypertension (Morphological Features)
- Characterized by concentric left ventricular hypertrophy.
- An increase in heart weight is a consistent finding.
- Myocyte hypertrophy, with enlarged nuclei, is a prominent feature.
- Interstitial fibrosis is observed in the affected tissue.
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Description
This quiz covers essential topics in cardiovascular pathology, including heart hypertrophy, atherosclerotic plaque formation, myocardial infarction, and aortic aneurysms. Each section highlights key features and cellular responses associated with these conditions, providing a comprehensive overview for students and professionals alike.
