Pathology of Endocrine Glands Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for excessive hormone production by an endocrine gland?

  • Hypersecretion (correct)
  • Homeostasis
  • Hormonogenesis
  • Hyposecretion

What is the term for insufficient hormone production by an endocrine gland?

  • Hormonolysis
  • Hyposecretion (correct)
  • Endocrinopathy
  • Hypersecretion

What type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the destruction of islet cells and the need for insulin injections?

  • Type 2 diabetes
  • Gestational diabetes
  • Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
  • Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (correct)

What is the term for a condition caused by the hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone, resulting in nerve irritability and painful muscle cramps?

<p>Tetany (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tumor that secretes an excessive amount of insulin?

<p>Insulinoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a condition caused by the hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults, leading to enlargement of bones of the head and extremities?

<p>Acromegaly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of congenital hyposecretion of thyroid hormone in a child?

<p>Cretinism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland, leading to hyposecretion disorder in an adult?

<p>Hashimoto's disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical treatment that involves administering replacement hormones to treat hyposecretion disorders?

<p>Hormone replacement therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical test that measures the level of calcium in the blood, used to diagnose parathyroid or bone disorders?

<p>Total calcium test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the cancerous tumor in an endocrine gland that produces hormones secreted by that gland?

<p>Adenocarcinoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical treatment that involves giving a large dose of radioactive iodine to kill a portion of the thyroid gland, avoiding surgery?

<p>Chemical thyroidectomy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the adrenal cortex?

<p>Regulation of sodium and potassium levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of insulin in the body?

<p>Stimulates cells to take in glucose from bloodstream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

<p>Regulation of calcium levels in bloodstream (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of estrogen in females?

<p>Development of female sexual characteristics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of melatonin in the body?

<p>Regulation of body's circadian rhythm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream?

<p>Endocrine glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the thyroid gland?

<p>Regulation of energy production and metabolic rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of glucagon in the body?

<p>Stimulates liver to release stored glucose into bloodstream (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of progesterone in females?

<p>Maintenance of suitable uterine environment for pregnancy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pituitary gland in hormone regulation?

<p>Produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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