Pathology of Endocrine Glands Quiz

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What is the term for excessive hormone production by an endocrine gland?

Hypersecretion (correct)
Homeostasis
Hormonogenesis
Hyposecretion

What is the term for insufficient hormone production by an endocrine gland?

Hormonolysis
Hyposecretion (correct)
Endocrinopathy
Hypersecretion

What type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the destruction of islet cells and the need for insulin injections?

Type 2 diabetes
Gestational diabetes
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (correct)

What is the term for a condition caused by the hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone, resulting in nerve irritability and painful muscle cramps?

Tetany (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tumor that secretes an excessive amount of insulin?

Insulinoma (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a condition caused by the hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults, leading to enlargement of bones of the head and extremities?

Acromegaly (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of congenital hyposecretion of thyroid hormone in a child?

Cretinism (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland, leading to hyposecretion disorder in an adult?

Hashimoto's disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical treatment that involves administering replacement hormones to treat hyposecretion disorders?

Hormone replacement therapy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical test that measures the level of calcium in the blood, used to diagnose parathyroid or bone disorders?

Total calcium test (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the cancerous tumor in an endocrine gland that produces hormones secreted by that gland?

Adenocarcinoma (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical treatment that involves giving a large dose of radioactive iodine to kill a portion of the thyroid gland, avoiding surgery?

Chemical thyroidectomy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the adrenal cortex?

Regulation of sodium and potassium levels (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of insulin in the body?

Stimulates cells to take in glucose from bloodstream (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Regulation of calcium levels in bloodstream (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of estrogen in females?

Development of female sexual characteristics (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of melatonin in the body?

Regulation of body's circadian rhythm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream?

Endocrine glands (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the thyroid gland?

Regulation of energy production and metabolic rate (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of glucagon in the body?

Stimulates liver to release stored glucose into bloodstream (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of progesterone in females?

Maintenance of suitable uterine environment for pregnancy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pituitary gland in hormone regulation?

Produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands (C) Signup and view all the answers