22 Questions
What is the term for excessive hormone production by an endocrine gland?
Hypersecretion
What is the term for insufficient hormone production by an endocrine gland?
Hyposecretion
What type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the destruction of islet cells and the need for insulin injections?
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
What is the term for a condition caused by the hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone, resulting in nerve irritability and painful muscle cramps?
Tetany
What is the term for a tumor that secretes an excessive amount of insulin?
Insulinoma
What is the term for a condition caused by the hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults, leading to enlargement of bones of the head and extremities?
Acromegaly
What is the result of congenital hyposecretion of thyroid hormone in a child?
Cretinism
What is the term for the autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland, leading to hyposecretion disorder in an adult?
Hashimoto's disease
What is the medical treatment that involves administering replacement hormones to treat hyposecretion disorders?
Hormone replacement therapy
What is the medical test that measures the level of calcium in the blood, used to diagnose parathyroid or bone disorders?
Total calcium test
What is the term for the cancerous tumor in an endocrine gland that produces hormones secreted by that gland?
Adenocarcinoma
What is the medical treatment that involves giving a large dose of radioactive iodine to kill a portion of the thyroid gland, avoiding surgery?
Chemical thyroidectomy
What is the primary function of the adrenal cortex?
Regulation of sodium and potassium levels
What is the function of insulin in the body?
Stimulates cells to take in glucose from bloodstream
What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Regulation of calcium levels in bloodstream
What is the primary function of estrogen in females?
Development of female sexual characteristics
What is the function of melatonin in the body?
Regulation of body's circadian rhythm
What type of glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream?
Endocrine glands
What is the function of the thyroid gland?
Regulation of energy production and metabolic rate
What is the function of glucagon in the body?
Stimulates liver to release stored glucose into bloodstream
What is the function of progesterone in females?
Maintenance of suitable uterine environment for pregnancy
What is the role of the pituitary gland in hormone regulation?
Produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands
Test your knowledge of endocrine gland pathologies, including acromegaly, panhypopituitarism, cretinism, and Graves' disease.
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