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Pathology Lecture 1: Arterial Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis

15 Questions

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Pathology Lecture 1: Arterial Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of atherosclerosis?

Increased extracellular matrix with reduced lipids

Patches of intimal thickening and accumulation of lipids (correct)

Inflammatory cells without intimal thickening

Proliferation of smooth muscle cells only

Which risk factor is considered a constitutional (fixed) risk factor for atherosclerosis?

High lipoprotein A

Inflammation

Reduced physical activity

Male gender (correct)

What is the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis according to the reaction to injury hypothesis?

Injury to vessel wall leads to chronic inflammation but no healing response

No injury to vessel wall results in increased extracellular matrix

Healing response occurs without chronic inflammation

Chronic inflammation and healing response due to injury to vessel wall (correct)

What is the main characteristic of arteriosclerosis?

Stiffening and loss of elasticity in arteries Signup and view all the answers

Which type of aneurysm involves a tear in the inner layer of the artery wall?

Dissecting aneurysm Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of fatty streaks in atherosclerosis?

Lipid-filled foamy macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Which vessels are most extensively involved in atherosclerotic lesions?

Coronary arteries and popliteal arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the main stage of biobodexi in atherosclerosis?

Release of cytokines Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of atheromas on cross-sectioning?

Soft, lipid-rich center covered with smooth muscle cells Signup and view all the answers

What is present in the necrotic core of atherosclerotic plaques?

Cholesterol crystals and foam cells Signup and view all the answers

What tissue changes are associated with acute plaque changes in atherosclerosis?

Erosion, ulceration, or rupture Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the yellow color of atheromas?

Presence of cholesterol crystals and foam cells Signup and view all the answers

What are the earliest recognizable lesions in atherosclerosis?

"Elongated streaks" Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of atherosclerotic lesions on cross-sectioning?

"Eccentric" appearance due to patchy lesions Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of a fibrous cap in atherosclerotic plaques?

(Smooth muscle cells, macrophages, foam cells) Signup and view all the answers