Pathology and Disease Terms

_______ - the study of disease

Etiology - the study of the _____ of a disease

Pathogenesis - the _______ of disease

Infection - invasion or colonization of the body by _______

_______ - an abnormal state in which the body is not performing

Symptoms - Changes in body function that are felt by a _______

Syndrome - A specific group of signs & symptoms that accompany a _______

Contagious disease - disease that is easily & rapidly _______

Primary infection - Acute infection that causes the initial _______

Arthropod vector carries pathogen outside its body called ______ of pathogen

Arthropod vector supports life cycle of pathogen in its body called ______ transmission

Pathogens transmitted via bites called ______ transport of pathogen

______ is the ability of a microbe/pathogen to cause disease in a host

______ is the enhanced ability of a pathogen to cause infection

______ is a characteristic or trait of the pathogen that makes it harmful

______ route is the non-oral entry, where pathogens are directly deposited into tissue or bloodstream

______ is the ability of pathogens to attach to host tissues/cells

______ is a poisonous substance (acting as Ag) produced by pathogens

The ______ barked.

One organism benefits while other organism (host) is ______.

Microbes that act as pathogens under certain ______.

Normal microbiota compete with pathogens (invading microbes), leading to decreased populations of ______ bacteria.

Leukocytes with granules in their ______ that are visible with a light microscope.

Phagocytic cells that work in early stages of ______.

Non-specific host cell capable of ______.

Pathogen is digested inside a ______.

A waxy lipid that inhibits ______.

Opsonization - Complement proteins coat surface of pathogen; promotes attraction/attachment of phagocyte to ______

Inflammation - Complement proteins bind mast cells; mast cells release histamine increase blood vessel permeability; chemotactic attraction of ______

Cytolysis - Complement proteins create a membrane attack complex (MAC); MAC creates a hole/channel in pathogen’s cell wall/cell ______

Immunology - Study of host defenses against foreign substances (______)

Antigen (Ag) - Substance that stimulates a certain immune response in the form of antibody ______

Antibody (Ab) - Protective proteins made by the host in response to certain ______

Humoral Immunity - Fights invaders and threats outside of the cell (extracellular ______)

Cell-Mediated (Cellular) Immunity - Attacks antigens that have entered the cell (intracellular ______)

Helper T cells (TH cells) - Activate TC cells involved in cell-mediated immunity Activate certain B cells (memory B cell) to produce Ab’s (these are “T-dependent” B ______)

Memory T cells - Promote a relatively ______