Pathology and Disease Terminology
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Questions and Answers

What term refers to the study of the cause of a disease?

  • Infection
  • Pathology
  • Etiology (correct)
  • Pathogenesis
  • Which term describes an abnormal state in which the body is not performing?

  • Signs
  • Disease (correct)
  • Syndrome
  • Symptoms
  • What type of infection is limited to a small area of the body?

  • Primary infection
  • Secondary infection
  • Local infection (correct)
  • Systemic infection
  • What type of disease is spread from one host to another?

    <p>Communicable disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is droplet transmission different from airborne transmission?

    <p>Droplet transmission requires close association while airborne transmission involves airborne droplets less than 1 meter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes changes in body functions that are felt by a patient?

    <p>Symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe when an arthropod vector carries a pathogen outside its body?

    <p>Passive transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the enhanced ability of a pathogen to cause infection called?

    <p>Virulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism allows pathogens to attach to host tissues or cells?

    <p>Adherence (adhesion)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the presence of a toxin in the bloodstream?

    <p>Toxemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a chemically modified toxin that is no longer toxic?

    <p>Toxoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism allows pathogens to break down blood clots surrounding them, allowing them to spread throughout the body?

    <p>Kinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of lysosome enzymes in phagocyte bacteria?

    <p>They help the bacteria multiply inside the phagocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of opsonization in the immune response?

    <p>It coats the surface of pathogens, promoting attraction and attachment of phagocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immunity is responsible for fighting invaders outside of the cell?

    <p>Humoral immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells (TC cells)?

    <p>Destroying target cells on contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cells are involved in promoting a relatively long-lasting immune response?

    <p>Memory T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of regulatory T cells (TR cells)?

    <p>Suppressing or turning off the immune response when it is not needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of host defenses?

    <p>To remove pathogens and prevent disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of leukocyte is involved in allergic responses?

    <p>Basophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a phagocyte attaches to the surface of a pathogen?

    <p>Adherence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the competitive exclusion principle in the context of host defenses?

    <p>To decrease the populations of pathogenic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mycolic acid in the context of host defenses?

    <p>It inhibits the ability of phagocytes to engulf pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of monocytes in the context of host defenses?

    <p>To travel in the blood and mature into macrophages in tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

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