Pathology and Disease Terminology
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Questions and Answers

What term refers to the study of the cause of a disease?

  • Infection
  • Pathology
  • Etiology (correct)
  • Pathogenesis

Which term describes an abnormal state in which the body is not performing?

  • Signs
  • Disease (correct)
  • Syndrome
  • Symptoms

What type of infection is limited to a small area of the body?

  • Primary infection
  • Secondary infection
  • Local infection (correct)
  • Systemic infection

What type of disease is spread from one host to another?

<p>Communicable disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is droplet transmission different from airborne transmission?

<p>Droplet transmission requires close association while airborne transmission involves airborne droplets less than 1 meter. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes changes in body functions that are felt by a patient?

<p>Symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe when an arthropod vector carries a pathogen outside its body?

<p>Passive transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the enhanced ability of a pathogen to cause infection called?

<p>Virulence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism allows pathogens to attach to host tissues or cells?

<p>Adherence (adhesion) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the presence of a toxin in the bloodstream?

<p>Toxemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a chemically modified toxin that is no longer toxic?

<p>Toxoid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism allows pathogens to break down blood clots surrounding them, allowing them to spread throughout the body?

<p>Kinase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lysosome enzymes in phagocyte bacteria?

<p>They help the bacteria multiply inside the phagocyte (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of opsonization in the immune response?

<p>It coats the surface of pathogens, promoting attraction and attachment of phagocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity is responsible for fighting invaders outside of the cell?

<p>Humoral immunity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells (TC cells)?

<p>Destroying target cells on contact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of T cells are involved in promoting a relatively long-lasting immune response?

<p>Memory T cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of regulatory T cells (TR cells)?

<p>Suppressing or turning off the immune response when it is not needed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of host defenses?

<p>To remove pathogens and prevent disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of leukocyte is involved in allergic responses?

<p>Basophils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a phagocyte attaches to the surface of a pathogen?

<p>Adherence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the competitive exclusion principle in the context of host defenses?

<p>To decrease the populations of pathogenic bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mycolic acid in the context of host defenses?

<p>It inhibits the ability of phagocytes to engulf pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of monocytes in the context of host defenses?

<p>To travel in the blood and mature into macrophages in tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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