Pathology and Disease Terminology

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What term refers to the study of the cause of a disease?

Infection

Pathology

Etiology (correct)

Pathogenesis

Which term describes an abnormal state in which the body is not performing?

Signs

Disease (correct)

Syndrome

Symptoms

What type of infection is limited to a small area of the body?

Primary infection

Secondary infection

Local infection (correct)

Systemic infection

What type of disease is spread from one host to another?

Communicable disease Signup and view all the answers

How is droplet transmission different from airborne transmission?

Droplet transmission requires close association while airborne transmission involves airborne droplets less than 1 meter. Signup and view all the answers

What term describes changes in body functions that are felt by a patient?

Symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe when an arthropod vector carries a pathogen outside its body?

Passive transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the enhanced ability of a pathogen to cause infection called?

Virulence Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism allows pathogens to attach to host tissues or cells?

Adherence (adhesion) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the presence of a toxin in the bloodstream?

Toxemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a chemically modified toxin that is no longer toxic?

Toxoid Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism allows pathogens to break down blood clots surrounding them, allowing them to spread throughout the body?

Kinase Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lysosome enzymes in phagocyte bacteria?

They help the bacteria multiply inside the phagocyte Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of opsonization in the immune response?

It coats the surface of pathogens, promoting attraction and attachment of phagocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity is responsible for fighting invaders outside of the cell?

Humoral immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells (TC cells)?

Destroying target cells on contact Signup and view all the answers

Which type of T cells are involved in promoting a relatively long-lasting immune response?

Memory T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of regulatory T cells (TR cells)?

Suppressing or turning off the immune response when it is not needed Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of host defenses?

To remove pathogens and prevent disease Signup and view all the answers

Which type of leukocyte is involved in allergic responses?

Basophils Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a phagocyte attaches to the surface of a pathogen?

Adherence Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the competitive exclusion principle in the context of host defenses?

To decrease the populations of pathogenic bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mycolic acid in the context of host defenses?

It inhibits the ability of phagocytes to engulf pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of monocytes in the context of host defenses?

To travel in the blood and mature into macrophages in tissues Signup and view all the answers

Pathology and Disease Terminology

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Questions and Answers

What term refers to the study of the cause of a disease?

Which term describes an abnormal state in which the body is not performing?

What type of infection is limited to a small area of the body?

What type of disease is spread from one host to another?

How is droplet transmission different from airborne transmission?

What term describes changes in body functions that are felt by a patient?

What is the term used to describe when an arthropod vector carries a pathogen outside its body?

What is the enhanced ability of a pathogen to cause infection called?

Which mechanism allows pathogens to attach to host tissues or cells?

What is the term used to describe the presence of a toxin in the bloodstream?

What is the term used to describe a chemically modified toxin that is no longer toxic?

Which mechanism allows pathogens to break down blood clots surrounding them, allowing them to spread throughout the body?

What is the role of lysosome enzymes in phagocyte bacteria?

What is the role of opsonization in the immune response?

Which type of immunity is responsible for fighting invaders outside of the cell?

What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells (TC cells)?

Which type of T cells are involved in promoting a relatively long-lasting immune response?

What is the primary function of regulatory T cells (TR cells)?

What is the primary role of host defenses?

Which type of leukocyte is involved in allergic responses?

What is the process by which a phagocyte attaches to the surface of a pathogen?

What is the purpose of the competitive exclusion principle in the context of host defenses?

What is the role of mycolic acid in the context of host defenses?

What is the primary function of monocytes in the context of host defenses?

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