Pathogenic Gram Positive Cocci & Bacilli: Staphylococcus Structure & Physiology

Clostridium tetani is a small, motile, obligate anaerobe that produces a terminal endospore, giving the cell a distinctive “lollipop” appearance; it is ubiquitous in soil, dust and GIT of animals and humans. Tetanus toxin is a potent ______ IV.

Listeria monocytogenes is a non-spore forming coccobacillus found in soil, water, mammals, birds, fish, insects. It enters the body in contaminated food and drink. Binds to surface macrophage and triggers its own phagocytosis – after forming a hole in the phagosome membrane it grows and reproduce inside the cytosol – then tunnels to the cell surface where it forms pseudopods – a neighboring macrophage phagocytizes the pseudopod then cycle begins again. It is a ______ bacterium.

Corynebacterium is a genus of high G(+)C, pleomorphic, no endospore-forming bacteria that are ubiquitous on plants and in animals – humans; they divide by snapping division. Corynebacterium diphtheria is transmitted via respiratory droplets. Disease caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria is ______.

Mycobacterium have cell walls containing an abundance of waxy lipid – ______.

Propionibacterium acnes – living in sebaceous gland of the skin, causes ______.

Nocardia is a fast, common inhabitant of soils rich in organic matter. Diseases caused by Nocardia include ______.