78 Questions
What is the process that leads to the apoptosis of epithelial cells within a cyst?
Nutrient deprivation
What triggers the formation of a solid ball of epithelial cells within the connective tissue?
Inflammation
What results in the increase in size of a cyst due to the creation of hydrostatic pressure?
Sucking in fluid due to an osmotic gradient
What stimulates osteoclasts to resorb bone in the context of cyst growth?
Centrifugal expansile growth
What forms the corticated margin around a growing cyst?
Compressed fibrous capsule
Which tissues can odontogenic cysts and tumors arise from?
Enamel organ and dental follicle
What may happen if an asymptomatic cyst becomes secondarily infected?
It may lose its classic radiographic appearance
What is likely to occur if a cyst extends into the mandibular ramus based on the text?
General rules about the cyst's behavior may not apply.
What radiographic changes may be seen in MRONJ Stage 1?
Areas of osteosclerosis
How do patients with MRONJ Stage 2 typically present?
With exposure of bone and active infection
What is a common mistake made in diagnosing MRONJ Stage 0?
Mistaking changes for periapical infection
What is a recommended treatment for MRONJ Stage 1?
Microbial rinses like 0.12% CHX gluconate
In MRONJ Stage 2, what may be considered if the disease is progressive despite initial treatment?
Aggressive surgical intervention
What is a distinguishing feature of MRONJ Stage 2 compared to Stage 1?
Presence of pain, pus, and lymphadenopathy
Which type of therapy may be considered for MRONJ Stage 2 to reduce colonized organisms?
Operative therapy
What new evidence is emerging regarding MRONJ patients who can tolerate surgical intervention?
'More evidence is demonstrating that surgical intervention can be quite successful'
What is a distinguishing feature of an epidermoid cyst compared to a dermoid cyst?
Absence of adnexal structures in the cyst wall
Which type of odontogenic tumours are classified based on cells of both enamel organ and dental papilla?
Mixed Tumours
What is a general characteristic of odontogenic tumours?
Usually benign
Which type of cyst has a prominent granular cell layer?
Epidermoid cyst
What is a typical clinical presentation of odontogenic tumours?
Similar to that observed for odontogenic cysts
What is the primary treatment approach for epidermoid and dermoid cysts?
Surgical removal
Which statement about odontogenic tumours is NOT true?
"They frequently transform into squamous cell carcinoma"
What distinguishes odontogenic tumours that present as multilocular lesions from other tumours?
"Strong propensity to present as multilocular lesions"
What is the most common site for a unicystic ameloblastoma?
Posterior mandible
Which type of ameloblastoma has a low recurrence rate and can be treated with enucleation?
Unicystic ameloblastoma
Which demographic group has a strong female predilection for Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumour?
Teenagers
What is a common radiographic presentation of Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumour at the beginning?
Initial radiolucent flocculent opacities
Which variant of Unicystic Ameloblastoma shows a plexiform growth pattern in the odontogenic epithelium?
Luminal
What treatment is recommended for conventional ameloblastomas to reduce recurrence rates?
En bloc resection
What is the rule of 2/3 associated with the clinical presentation of Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumour?
2/3 females, 2/3 maxilla, 2/3 unerupted root
'Unicystic Ameloblastoma island is like an inverted dental organ' - What does 'reverse polarization' mean in this context?
'Ameloblastoma-like cells are on the periphery'
What is a characteristic feature of Torus Mandibularis?
Overlying mucosa is thin
What is a common biological behavior of Torus Mandibularis?
Possible enlargement causing periodontitis
What is the most common treatment approach for Torus Mandibularis?
Regular monitoring without any intervention
Which population group is more commonly affected by Torus Mandibularis?
Asians
What is a distinguishing feature of Traumatic/Reactive Bony Exostoses?
Respond to bruxism
What is a common clinical presentation of Traumatic/Reactive Bony Exostoses?
Facial bony masses over root region
What is the usual biological behavior of Traumatic/Reactive Bony Exostoses?
Potential cause of periodontal issues
Which branch of the nervous system is the main stimulus for salivation?
Parasympathetic branch
What neurotransmitter is released by parasympathetic fibers to stimulate salivary glands?
Acetylcholine (Ach)
Which disease is characterized by immune-mediated and systemic effects, affecting salivary glands?
Sjogren Syndrome
Which nerve plays a role in relaying sensory signals from taste buds?
Facial nerve (CN VII)
Which neurotransmitter binds to alpha-adrenergic receptors in the salivary glands, leading to a lower flow rate of saliva?
Norepinephrine
What is a characteristic feature of necrotizing sialo metaplasia, a salivary gland disease?
Trauma-related origin
What type of saliva is produced by the parasympathetic branch stimulation compared to the sympathetic branch stimulation?
Watery, electrolyte, and enzyme-rich saliva by parasympathetic branch stimulation
What is the typical clinical presentation of sialalithiasis in the salivary glands?
Intermittent pain and swelling during meals
What is the main cause of sialalithiasis (sialoliths) in the salivary ducts?
Deposition of calcium salts from saliva on debris
Which salivary gland is most commonly affected by sialalithiasis?
Submandibular gland
What distinguishes a sialolith in the submandibular gland from those in minor salivary glands?
Sessile yellow mass formation
How do sialoliths primarily affect the salivary glands?
By blocking salivary ducts
Where are sialoliths typically found within the salivary gland ducts?
Near the gland opening
What can be inferred about sialoliths that can occur within the salivary glands themselves?
They can be found in both major and minor salivary glands
What differentiates palpable nodularity of minor salivary glands from that of submandibular glands?
'Bumps' in minor glands vs. distinct size difference in submandibular glands
What is a key factor that can lead to recurrence even after proper surgical excision of a mucocele?
Damage to adjacent salivary ducts
What is the specialized term for a mucocele that arises specifically in the floor of the mouth?
Ranula
How does a plunging ranula differ from a conventional ranula in its presentation?
Mucus drainage extends all the way down to the neck and pericardial area
What is a distinguishing feature of a salivary duct cyst compared to a mucocele?
Dilation of duct due to mucus plug or stone causing backup pressure
What kind of epithelium lines a true cyst formed from a salivary duct cyst?
Squamous epithelium
What is the recommended management approach for a small sialolith in a patent submandibular gland duct?
Gentle massage of the gland
What does a mucocele differ from a salivary duct cyst in terms of its lining?
Granulation tissue
Which clinical presentation is characteristic of a mucocele?
Translucent smooth nodule in the lower lip mucosa
What is one way to differentiate between a congenital ranula and a plunging ranula based on their clinical presentation?
Mucus enlargement with each meal and subsequent regression
What histopathological feature distinguishes a mucocele from a cyst?
Submucosal pool of spilled mucus
What histopathological feature distinguishes a mucocele from a salivary duct cyst?
(pseudocyst) lined by granulation tissue
What treatment approach for mucoceles is not effective according to the text?
Surgical drainage
Which intervention would be most appropriate if a sialolith persists and causes pain or enlarges?
Referral to an oral surgeon
What triggers the lesion to 'inflate' and 'deflate' in the case of a mucocele?
Macrophages resorbing mucus followed by mucus production by the gland
Which procedure is NOT available in nonsurgical management for sialoliths according to the text?
Surgical retrieval of the stone
'Ruptured salivary duct spills saliva into tissues' describes which condition according to the text?
Mucocele
What is a common symptom associated with trigeminal nerve involvement in patients with lymphomas?
Facial numbness
Which of the following is a recommended treatment for managing xerostomia in patients with sialadenosis?
Pilocarpine
What type of lymphoma is most commonly associated with a risk of progression in patients?
MALT lymphoma
In sialadenosis, what leads to the enlargement of the salivary glands?
Autonomic nerve disruption
Which treatment approach is NOT recommended for managing oral stomatitis (burning mouth) in patients?
Pilocarpine
How does sialadenosis differ from Sjogren’s Syndrome clinically?
Sialadenosis is inflammatory in nature
What should be monitored closely in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and trigeminal nerve manifestations?
Signs of candidiasis
Which symptom is NOT typically associated with trigeminal nerve involvement in patients?
Facial pain
Test your knowledge on the pathogenesis of cyst formation, from epithelial cell proliferation to apoptosis and fluid accumulation. Understand the process of cyst growth and the role of epithelial cells in the formation.
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