Pathogen Recognition by Innate Immune Cells
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What is the function of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the innate immune response?

  • Help with blood clotting
  • Assist in nerve signal transmission
  • Produce antibodies to fight against pathogens
  • Recognize characteristic features of pathogens and molecules released by stressed or damaged cells (correct)

    • Why is the variety of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) limited in cells of the innate immune system?

  • Because genes for each receptor type must be encoded by specific genes
  • To increase the number of antigens recognized
  • To make space for more DNA replication
  • Due to the finite surface area of the cell membrane (correct)

    • How does the strategy of the innate immune system in using a limited number of receptors compare to that of the adaptive immune system?

  • Both systems use a limited number of receptors with broad pathogen recognition
  • Neither system uses receptors for pathogen recognition
  • Innate immune system uses limited receptors with broad pathogen recognition, while adaptive immune system uses many highly specific receptors (correct)
  • Adaptive immune system uses limited receptors with broad pathogen recognition, while innate immune system uses many highly specific receptors

    • Why are the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) present on the cell surface whether they are needed or not?

    <p>As they must be ready to recognize pathogens at any time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason for the limited variety of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in cells of the innate immune system?

    <p>Each receptor type must be encoded by a specific gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the approach of the innate immune system from that of the adaptive immune system regarding the number and specificity of receptors?

    <p>Innate immune system uses fewer broadly active receptors, while adaptive immune system uses many highly specific receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when cells of the innate immune system recognize a pathogen?

    <p>They initiate phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of chemokines in the immune response?

    <p>Attract cells through chemotaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cytokines in cell communication?

    <p>Allowing cells to communicate with each other over short distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do receptors of the innate immune system usually include?

    <p>Receptors for bacterial components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When are soluble factors secreted during the immune response?

    <p>During early induced responses and later during adaptive responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a chemokine primarily do in the immune response?

    <p>Attract cells through chemotaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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