Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)

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Which protein triggers signaling pathways that activate IRFs and NF-κB?

CARD

TRIF

MAVS (correct)

MyD88

What is the function of C-Type Lectin Receptors (CLRs)?

Recognition of viral double-stranded RNAs

Activation of tyrosine kinases triggering signaling cascades

Recognition of peptidoglycan from bacterial cell wall

Binding carbohydrates on pathogens and some allergens (correct)

What is the specific function of NOD-like Receptors (NLRs)?

Triggering signaling pathways that activate IRFs and NF-κB

Activating caspase-1 protease

Recognizing peptidoglycan from bacterial cell wall (correct)

Recognizing viral double-stranded RNAs

Which family of receptor recognizes viral double-stranded RNAs and certain structured single-stranded RNA?

RIG-I-like Receptors (RLRs) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CARD adaptor protein in PRR signaling pathways?

Activating IRF5 (transcription factor) Signup and view all the answers

What process results in the activation of transcription factors which leads to gene expression?

Ubiquitination Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RIG-I-like Receptors (RLRs)?

Recognition of viral double-stranded RNAs Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptors are RLR & NLR?

(PRRs) Intracellular only receptors Signup and view all the answers

What does TLR bind to?

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of MAPK pathways in PRR signaling?

Triggering signaling cascades that activate AP-1 and NF-kB Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of NOD-like Receptors (NLRs)?

Trigger caspase-1 protease activation Signup and view all the answers

Which molecular patterns support the lifestyle of pathogens?

Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in host cells?

Recognize Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are MOST important to get activated among myeloid white blood cells and lymphoid cells?

T cells and B cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells have Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) for recognizing Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)?

All types of myeloid white blood cells and a subset of lymphoid cells Signup and view all the answers

Where are Toll-like receptors (TLRs) located?

At different sites depending on the PAMP they recognize Signup and view all the answers

What do different Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recruit when binding to Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)?

Different adaptor proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which signaling pathway is activated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) when binding to Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)?

NF-κB transcription factor activation Signup and view all the answers

What is the key event that leads to the activation of Transcription Factors when Toll-like receptors (TLRs) bind to Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)?

Phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)

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