Lecture 6 - PRRs and Signalling

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Which type of receptors bind carbohydrates on pathogens and trigger signaling cascades?

C-Type Lectin Receptors (CLRs) (correct)

TLR

NLRs

RLRs

Which receptors recognize viral double-stranded RNAs and certain structured single-stranded RNA?

NLRs

RLRs (correct)

TLR

CLRs

Which receptors recognize peptidoglycan from bacterial cell walls?

TLR

NLRs (correct)

RLRs

CLRs

Which proteins carry out post-translational modifications such as cleaving IL-1b/IL-18 into active forms for release?

Caspase-1 Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the attachment of ubiquitin to a target protein, often resulting in activation of transcription factors?

Ubiquitination Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway results in the activation of AP-1 and NF-kB transcription factors?

MAPK pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which protein activates IRF5, a transcription factor?

CARD adaptor protein Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors are always intracellular and recognize components that end up in the cytosol?

RLRs Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors primarily bind PAMPs?

TLR Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor is known to trigger signaling cascades involving MAPK pathways?

TLR Signup and view all the answers

Which type of molecular patterns are recognized by Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) according to the text?

Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells express Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) according to the text?

All types of myeloid white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Where are Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) recognized by Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) located?

Cell Surface Signup and view all the answers

What is a key event that leads to the activation of Transcription Factors according to the text?

Phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

Which location helps determine what Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) bind to according to the text?

Intracellular vs Extracellular Signup and view all the answers

Which molecules help form large signaling complexes once activated according to the text?

Adaptor proteins Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells have Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) that can recognize both Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and Damage-associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs)?

All types of myeloid white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Where are Toll-like receptors (TLRs) specifically anchored within the cell?

Endosome Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors are expressed by most, if not all, cells in the body for detecting viral nucleic acids?

RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) Signup and view all the answers