PATH II Dr. Henry Sánchez: Hypertensive Vascular Disease Objectives
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of hypertensive cases are classified as essential hypertension?

  • 60%
  • 70%
  • 50%
  • 90% (correct)
  • What is the product used to define arterial blood pressure according to the text?

  • Cardiac output (correct)
  • Total peripheral resistance
  • Heart rate
  • Stroke volume
  • What blood pressure range defines hypertensive emergency/crisis (malignant) hypertension?

  • Systolic pressure 200 mm Hg or greater and diastolic pressure 140 mm Hg or greater
  • Systolic pressure 140 mm Hg or greater and diastolic pressure 90 mm Hg or greater
  • Systolic pressure 180 mm Hg or greater and diastolic pressure 120 mm Hg or greater (correct)
  • Systolic pressure 160 mm Hg or greater and diastolic pressure 100 mm Hg or greater
  • What percentage of persons die as a direct result of hypertension, as per the text?

    <p>12%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category accounts for most cases of secondary hypertension?

    <p>Renal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition can be cured by angioplasty or surgery in many instances?

    <p>Renal artery stenosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the experimental model of hypertension in rats, how is systemic blood pressure altered?

    <p>By placing a clip on one renal artery only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Angiotensin II play in increasing blood pressure?

    <p>Inducing vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which kidney function is impaired due to increased blood pressure transmitted to the unclipped kidney?

    <p>Sodium retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I?

    <p>Converting enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of persons who are considered to have essential hypertension according to the text?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification of systemic hypertension has no known cause?

    <p>Essential hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines hypertensive emergency/crisis (malignant) hypertension based on systolic and diastolic pressure values?

    <p>Systolic pressure &gt; 180 mm Hg and diastolic pressure &gt; 120 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the classification of systemic hypertension, which category accounts for the smallest percentage of cases?

    <p>Secondary arterial hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which renin increases blood pressure in renal artery stenosis, according to the text?

    <p>By promoting sodium and water retention through increased aldosterone excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the experimental model of renal artery stenosis in rats, what is the primary role of the silver clip placed on one kidney's renal artery?

    <p>To mimic renal artery stenosis in human beings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT listed as a cause of secondary hypertension in the provided text?

    <p>Myocardial infarction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of Angiotensin II on blood pressure in the context of renal artery stenosis?

    <p>Increasing peripheral resistance through vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of renin in the development of hypertension in cases of renal artery stenosis?

    <p>Cleaving angiotensinogen to produce Angiotensin II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to systemic blood pressure when the clipped kidney is removed or its artery is unclipped in the experimental model?

    <p>It remains unchanged</p> Signup and view all the answers

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