8 Questions
What is passively acquired immunity?
Passively acquired immunity means 'borrowed' immunity from another source and lasts for a short time. It provides temporary protection against infection and clearance of toxins.
What are the disadvantages of passively acquired immunity?
The disadvantages include hypersensitivity in response to the foreign protein, and the protection is lost as acquired antibodies are utilized by combination with antigen or are catabolized in the normal way. These drawbacks can be overcome by replacing polyclonal antibody preparations by human monoclonal antibodies or combinations of such antibodies.
What is a passively administered antibody?
A passively administered antibody is an antibody isolated from the plasma of an individual having a high antibody titer to the pathogen or a hyperimmunized animal. It is used in anti-venoms and in prophylaxis for certain viral infections including cytomegalovirus (CMV) and rabies.
How can the drawbacks of passively acquired immunity be overcome?
The drawbacks can be overcome by replacing polyclonal antibody preparations by human monoclonal antibodies or combinations of such antibodies.
What is the major immunoglobulin in milk and where does it protect the mucosal surfaces?
The major immunoglobulin in milk is secretory IgA (SIgA) and it remains in the intestine to protect the mucosal surfaces.
How is the fetus protected by maternally acquired IgG antibodies?
The fetus is protected by maternally acquired IgG antibodies through placental transfer.
What is the function of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and how is it obtained?
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a preparation of IgG obtained by large-scale fractionation of plasma pooled from thousands of healthy blood donors. It is given to individuals with immunodeficiencies associated with reduced or absent circulating antibody and used in the treatment of infection-associated conditions.
How is the neonate protected by maternally derived IgG antibodies?
The neonate is protected by maternally derived IgG antibodies through intestinal absorption of colostral immunoglobulins.
Test your knowledge about passively acquired immunity with this quiz. Explore the concept of borrowed immunity, temporary protection against infection, and the use of passively administered antibodies in prophylaxis for various viral infections and toxin clearance.
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