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Questions and Answers
In which of the following sentences is the infinitive used correctly without 'to'?
In which of the following sentences is the infinitive used correctly without 'to'?
- She made me to cry.
- They let him leave early. (correct)
- I want to see him dance.
- I heard her to sing.
Which of the following sentences demonstrates the use of an infinitive after the phrase 'had better'?
Which of the following sentences demonstrates the use of an infinitive after the phrase 'had better'?
- You had better waiting outside.
- She had better to take the bus.
- You had better to apologize.
- We had better leave now. (correct)
Identify the sentence that incorrectly uses a bare infinitive.
Identify the sentence that incorrectly uses a bare infinitive.
- I saw him do it.
- Let them come.
- We heard her sing.
- She helped him fixing the car. (correct)
What type of infinitive is found in the sentence: 'I would rather die than give up'?
What type of infinitive is found in the sentence: 'I would rather die than give up'?
Which word below can precede the sentence 'She can do everything but cook'?
Which word below can precede the sentence 'She can do everything but cook'?
In which case is a gerund used correctly?
In which case is a gerund used correctly?
Which of the following sentences shows the correct omission of 'to' with an infinitive?
Which of the following sentences shows the correct omission of 'to' with an infinitive?
Which of the following correctly identifies a participle?
Which of the following correctly identifies a participle?
What characterizes a misplaced participial phrase?
What characterizes a misplaced participial phrase?
Which example correctly illustrates the use of a gerund?
Which example correctly illustrates the use of a gerund?
What is the difference between a gerund and a present participle?
What is the difference between a gerund and a present participle?
When should a comma be placed in relation to a participial phrase?
When should a comma be placed in relation to a participial phrase?
Which of the following sentences contains a dangling participial phrase?
Which of the following sentences contains a dangling participial phrase?
Which of the following sentences illustrates the correct use of a bare infinitive?
Which of the following sentences illustrates the correct use of a bare infinitive?
Which of the following options correctly identifies the function of the word 'swimming' in 'Francisco enjoys swimming more than spending time with his girlfriend Diana'?
Which of the following options correctly identifies the function of the word 'swimming' in 'Francisco enjoys swimming more than spending time with his girlfriend Diana'?
What distinguishes the helping verb 'need' when used as a main verb?
What distinguishes the helping verb 'need' when used as a main verb?
Flashcards
Dangling Participial Phrase
Dangling Participial Phrase
A participial phrase that is not directly related to the noun it's meant to modify.
Misplaced Participial Phrase
Misplaced Participial Phrase
A participial phrase incorrectly modifying a noun, creating confusion.
Gerund
Gerund
A verb form ending in -ing that functions as a noun.
Present Participle
Present Participle
A verb form ending in -ing that acts as an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun.
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Bare Infinitive
Bare Infinitive
An infinitive without the word 'to'.
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Helping Verbs
Helping Verbs
Auxiliary verbs that precede a bare infinitive.
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Infinitive
Infinitive
A verb form that expresses an action or state of being.
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Participial Phrase
Participial Phrase
A phrase that includes a participle and modifies a noun or pronoun.
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Bare Infinitives After Certain Verbs
Bare Infinitives After Certain Verbs
Infinitives are used without "to" after main verbs like "bid", "watch", "see", "let", "make", "help", and "hear". For example: "Let them come" or "Help him lift that bag."
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Bare Infinitives After 'Rather', 'Better', and 'Had Better'
Bare Infinitives After 'Rather', 'Better', and 'Had Better'
Infinitives are used without "to" after words like "rather", "better", and "had better". Examples: "I would rather wait" or "You had better ask his permission."
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Bare Infinitives After Prepositions
Bare Infinitives After Prepositions
Infinitives are used without "to" after prepositions like "except", "but", "save", and "than". Examples: "She can do everything but cook" or "He did nothing but cry."
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Participle
Participle
A verb form ending in '-ing' or '-ed' that acts as an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. Examples: "The running water was refreshing" or "The frightened child cried."
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Verbal
Verbal
A verb form that can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. It often acts as a subject, object, or complement in a sentence.
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Participles
- A participle is a verbal that acts as an adjective.
- Verbals are verb forms used as other parts of speech.
- Types of participles: present (ending in -ing), past (ending in -ed, -en, or irregular)
- Participial phrases consist of a participle and modifiers.
- They modify nouns or pronouns, usually placed near the word they modify.
Participial Phrases
- Participles phrases are parts of speech that give descriptive information.
- Example: Badly damaged by the hail storm, a number of buses had to be replaced.
- Shivering from the cold, we decided to build the campfire. (modifies we)
Misplaced Participles
- A misplaced participial phrase is one that is closer to a different word than the word it modifies.
- Example: Running across the bridge, the man tripped on a rock. (Incorrect, should be: Running across the bridge, the man tripped on a rock)
Dangling Participles
- A dangling participle occurs when a participial phrase doesn't logically modify any word in the sentence.
- Example: Sitting on the beach, the sun felt hot. (Incorrect, should be: Sitting on the beach, we felt the hot sun)
Punctuating Participial Phrases
- Restrictive participial phrases provide essential information; do not use commas.
- Nonrestrictive participial phrases provide extra details; set them off with commas.
- Example: Competing in the regional tournament, the debate team members gained valuable experience. (Nonrestrictive)
Gerunds
- A gerund is a verbal ending in –ing that functions as a noun.
- Examples: Swimming is my favorite way to exercise. (subject)
- Collecting* comics was a popular hobby in the 1980s. (subject)
Gerund Phrases
- A gerund phrase consists of a gerund and its modifiers and complements.
- The whole phrase acts as a noun.
- Example: Running on the beach is a good way to tone your legs. (modifies the noun way)
Infinitives
- An infinitive is a verbal that is used as a noun, adjective, or adverb.
- It contains the word "to" plus a verb.
- To volunteer would be rewarding. (To volunteer = infinitive)
- The infinitive phrase can function like a noun, adjective, or adverb in a sentence.
- Example: Infinitive as noun: To succeed takes commitment.
- Example: Infinitive as adjective: The book to read tonight is interesting.
- Example: Infinitive as adverb: They came to cheer.
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