Podcast
Questions and Answers
What term did Nutt, Marsden, and Thompson coin in 1993 to describe gait or balance problems not explained by peripheral, pyramidal, cerebellar, or basal ganglia lesions?
What term did Nutt, Marsden, and Thompson coin in 1993 to describe gait or balance problems not explained by peripheral, pyramidal, cerebellar, or basal ganglia lesions?
- Lower body parkinsonism
- Highest or higher level gait disorder (correct)
- Marche à petits pas
- Gait apraxia
Which type of patients may experience frontal gait disorders according to the text?
Which type of patients may experience frontal gait disorders according to the text?
- Only younger patients
- Only older patients
- Patients with peripheral lesions
- Both older and younger patients (correct)
What might frontal gait disorders lead to a misdiagnosis of, particularly when tremor is also present?
What might frontal gait disorders lead to a misdiagnosis of, particularly when tremor is also present?
- Alzheimer's disease
- Stroke
- Parkinson's disease (correct)
- Cerebral palsy
Which imaging studies have shown that frontal as well as parietal lesions may cause gait disorders?
Which imaging studies have shown that frontal as well as parietal lesions may cause gait disorders?
What is another term used in the literature to describe the same clinical syndrome as frontal gait disorder?
What is another term used in the literature to describe the same clinical syndrome as frontal gait disorder?
Which group of gait disorders includes frontal as well as senile gait disorder, subcortical and frontal balance impairment, and isolated gait ignition failure?
Which group of gait disorders includes frontal as well as senile gait disorder, subcortical and frontal balance impairment, and isolated gait ignition failure?
What type of lesions in the brain may induce gait problems by disrupting interhemispheric communication?
What type of lesions in the brain may induce gait problems by disrupting interhemispheric communication?
Which of the following has NOT been used in the literature to describe the same clinical syndrome as frontal gait disorder?
Which of the following has NOT been used in the literature to describe the same clinical syndrome as frontal gait disorder?
What might a misdiagnosis of frontal gait disorder as Parkinson’s disease lead to?
What might a misdiagnosis of frontal gait disorder as Parkinson’s disease lead to?
What is another term for cautious gait as mentioned in the text?
What is another term for cautious gait as mentioned in the text?
What is a possible cause of early problems with balance and gait in atypical parkinsonian syndromes?
What is a possible cause of early problems with balance and gait in atypical parkinsonian syndromes?
Which condition typically results in a gait disorder that is rigid akinetic as well as ataxic?
Which condition typically results in a gait disorder that is rigid akinetic as well as ataxic?
What is a characteristic posture seen in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA)?
What is a characteristic posture seen in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA)?
What is a cardinal symptom of the classical clinical type of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)?
What is a cardinal symptom of the classical clinical type of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)?
What should patients with atypical parkinsonian syndromes primarily receive, according to the text?
What should patients with atypical parkinsonian syndromes primarily receive, according to the text?
Which type of dystonia usually has an onset in childhood or early adulthood?
Which type of dystonia usually has an onset in childhood or early adulthood?
What may contribute to difficulties in walking in multiple system atrophy (MSA), even in early disease stages?
What may contribute to difficulties in walking in multiple system atrophy (MSA), even in early disease stages?
What is a characteristic movement seen in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) while walking?
What is a characteristic movement seen in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) while walking?
What may occur in Parkinson's disease (PD) as part of levodopa-induced dyskinesia?
What may occur in Parkinson's disease (PD) as part of levodopa-induced dyskinesia?
What is a possible cause of dystonic gait disorders?
What is a possible cause of dystonic gait disorders?
What is the term used to describe patients who have forgotten how to perform the act of walking?
What is the term used to describe patients who have forgotten how to perform the act of walking?
What is a common cause of frontal gait disorders?
What is a common cause of frontal gait disorders?
What are some clinical problems associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus and the typical gait disorder?
What are some clinical problems associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus and the typical gait disorder?
What is a characteristic feature of the gait in patients with frontal gait disorders?
What is a characteristic feature of the gait in patients with frontal gait disorders?
What is a common symptom in isolated gait ignition failure?
What is a common symptom in isolated gait ignition failure?
What may lead to backward falls in patients with frontal gait disorders?
What may lead to backward falls in patients with frontal gait disorders?
What is a characteristic feature of parkinsonian gait (rigid akinetic gait disorder)?
What is a characteristic feature of parkinsonian gait (rigid akinetic gait disorder)?
What are the cardinal motor signs of Parkinson's disease?
What are the cardinal motor signs of Parkinson's disease?
In which patients do the symptoms initially affect only one side of the body and spread to the other side?
In which patients do the symptoms initially affect only one side of the body and spread to the other side?
What is a characteristic feature of walking in patients with PD?
What is a characteristic feature of walking in patients with PD?
What term is used to describe the gait pattern in PD where patients develop a propensity to lean forward while walking, associated with increased step frequency, reduced stride length, and bent truncal posture?
What term is used to describe the gait pattern in PD where patients develop a propensity to lean forward while walking, associated with increased step frequency, reduced stride length, and bent truncal posture?
What is a common difficulty experienced by PD patients related to turning or approaching obstacles, characterized by start failure or a complete stop while walking?
What is a common difficulty experienced by PD patients related to turning or approaching obstacles, characterized by start failure or a complete stop while walking?
What movement problem often occurs when asked to walk faster, where patients increase the step frequency rather than step length?
What movement problem often occurs when asked to walk faster, where patients increase the step frequency rather than step length?
What is the term for the condition in PD where the feet are lifted less high than normally, leading to shuffling gait?
What is the term for the condition in PD where the feet are lifted less high than normally, leading to shuffling gait?
Which aspect of parkinsonian gait difficulties often responds to antiparkinsonian medication, but may contribute to existing orthostatic hypotension and make walking more insecure?
Which aspect of parkinsonian gait difficulties often responds to antiparkinsonian medication, but may contribute to existing orthostatic hypotension and make walking more insecure?
What type of surgery mainly improves aspects of gait and posture associated with motor fluctuations and dyskinesia and which are responsive to levodopa?
What type of surgery mainly improves aspects of gait and posture associated with motor fluctuations and dyskinesia and which are responsive to levodopa?
What type of walking aid may be helpful for PD patients experiencing freezing episodes?
What type of walking aid may be helpful for PD patients experiencing freezing episodes?
What technique might be used to help overcome freezing blockages by providing rhythmical acoustic signals or visual impulses?
What technique might be used to help overcome freezing blockages by providing rhythmical acoustic signals or visual impulses?
What is the dominant cause of falls in PD and is apparent on performing the pull or push test?
What is the dominant cause of falls in PD and is apparent on performing the pull or push test?
What might worsen the gait of PD patients as it increases axial bradykinesia?
What might worsen the gait of PD patients as it increases axial bradykinesia?
