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Questions and Answers
What is a common cause of epidural bleeding?
What is a common cause of epidural bleeding?
Which of the following features is characteristic of subdural bleeding?
Which of the following features is characteristic of subdural bleeding?
What is the typical mortality rate associated with subdural bleeding?
What is the typical mortality rate associated with subdural bleeding?
Which symptom is considered the most reliable indicator of a concussion?
Which symptom is considered the most reliable indicator of a concussion?
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What is the main treatment method for resolving a subdural hematoma?
What is the main treatment method for resolving a subdural hematoma?
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Which condition is characterized by rhythmic, uniphasic contractions without spreading?
Which condition is characterized by rhythmic, uniphasic contractions without spreading?
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What describes asterixis in terms of muscle activity?
What describes asterixis in terms of muscle activity?
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Which movement disorder involves the involuntary contraction of eyelid muscles?
Which movement disorder involves the involuntary contraction of eyelid muscles?
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What is the primary characteristic of polymyoclonus?
What is the primary characteristic of polymyoclonus?
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What best describes Meige’s syndrome?
What best describes Meige’s syndrome?
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What is a common symptom of an MCA stroke when the dominant hemisphere is affected?
What is a common symptom of an MCA stroke when the dominant hemisphere is affected?
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Which symptom is characteristic of a PCA stroke?
Which symptom is characteristic of a PCA stroke?
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What effect does damage to the optic tract have on visual fields?
What effect does damage to the optic tract have on visual fields?
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What is the gold standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke?
What is the gold standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke?
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Which symptom is typically spared in an ACA stroke affecting the motor regions?
Which symptom is typically spared in an ACA stroke affecting the motor regions?
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What is a common symptom associated with neglect syndrome?
What is a common symptom associated with neglect syndrome?
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What is the primary benefit of using anticoagulation therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation?
What is the primary benefit of using anticoagulation therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation?
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Which of the following is a component of Horner's syndrome?
Which of the following is a component of Horner's syndrome?
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Which of the following represents a management step for stroke patients?
Which of the following represents a management step for stroke patients?
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Which modality is directly involved in the rehabilitation of neurospasticity?
Which modality is directly involved in the rehabilitation of neurospasticity?
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In the context of traumatic spinal cord injuries, what characterizes Brown-Sequard syndrome?
In the context of traumatic spinal cord injuries, what characterizes Brown-Sequard syndrome?
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Which intervention is most appropriate for treating aphasia?
Which intervention is most appropriate for treating aphasia?
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What is a common consideration in the rehabilitation of stroke patients related to their vital signs?
What is a common consideration in the rehabilitation of stroke patients related to their vital signs?
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Which complication is associated with neuroleptic drugs?
Which complication is associated with neuroleptic drugs?
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What is the primary cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults?
What is the primary cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults?
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What characterizes a closed head injury?
What characterizes a closed head injury?
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Which type of brain injury likely leads to generalized mass effect in the brain?
Which type of brain injury likely leads to generalized mass effect in the brain?
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Which site of hemorrhage results in extreme headache and vomiting?
Which site of hemorrhage results in extreme headache and vomiting?
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What type of injury is associated with the atlanto-axial dislocation?
What type of injury is associated with the atlanto-axial dislocation?
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What can occur as a result of a basal skull fracture?
What can occur as a result of a basal skull fracture?
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Which statement about secondary traumatic brain injury (TBI) is true?
Which statement about secondary traumatic brain injury (TBI) is true?
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What is the primary role of the Circle of Willis in the brain's vascular system?
What is the primary role of the Circle of Willis in the brain's vascular system?
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Which condition is characterized by occlusion due to atherosclerotic plaque?
Which condition is characterized by occlusion due to atherosclerotic plaque?
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What are the primary components of the vertebrobasilar territory?
What are the primary components of the vertebrobasilar territory?
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What is a potential consequence of bilateral blockage in the carotid artery?
What is a potential consequence of bilateral blockage in the carotid artery?
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Which type of stroke involves blood from a weak heart after an acute myocardial infarction?
Which type of stroke involves blood from a weak heart after an acute myocardial infarction?
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What is the most common location for an intracerebral hemorrhage?
What is the most common location for an intracerebral hemorrhage?
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What type of aneurysm is characterized by a bulging outpouching of a blood vessel?
What type of aneurysm is characterized by a bulging outpouching of a blood vessel?
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What are the potential outcomes of an abnormal connection between arteries and veins known as an AVM?
What are the potential outcomes of an abnormal connection between arteries and veins known as an AVM?
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Study Notes
Parkinson Syndrome
- Primarily a deficit of akinesia (or hypokinesia)
- Bradykinesia is evident as slow movement and reaction time delays
- Rigidity is manifest as increased muscle tone
- Tremor is typically 3-5 per second, affecting fingers, arms, and chin
- Postural imbalance is commonly associated
- Flexed posture, rounded shoulders, and slightly flexed arms/knees/legs are common
- Disequilibrium and festination (quickening steps) are often observed
Parkinsonism
- A drug-induced symptom
- Dopamine depletion is characteristic
- Drugs competing with dopamine can trigger parkinsonism
- Symetry is a common feature, with tremor less frequently involved
- Symptoms often appear after 3 months of drug intake
- Haloperidol is a common drug associated with the disease
Parkinson's Disease
- Synonymous with Paralysis Agitans
- Neurodegenerative disorder of the extrapyramidal system
- Characterized by resting tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia
- Typically an adult-onset condition
- Idiopathic in origin
- Treatment typically involves levodopa
- Genetic factors can increase risk by seven times
- Loss of pigmented cells in the substantia nigra is a key pathological finding
- Dopamine loss, in particular, is a key feature
Diagnostic Criteria
- Clinically probable Parkinsonism if one symptom is present: resting tremor, rigidity, or bradykinesia
- Clinically probable if 2 symptoms are present
- Clinically definite if 3 symptoms are present and at least 1 displays symmetry
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Description
Test your knowledge on Parkinson's disease, its symptoms, and related syndromes. This quiz covers akinesia, bradykinesia, rigidity, and drug-induced parkinsonism. Challenge yourself to understand the nuances and classifications of these medical conditions.
