Parenteral Anaesthetics and GAs Mechanism of Action
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Questions and Answers

Which neural substrate affected by general anaesthetics is responsible for sedation and loss of consciousness?

  • Hippocampus
  • Cerebral cortex
  • Midbrain (correct)
  • Thalamus
  • What is the main reason behind the prolonged after effects (hangover) of inhalational general anaesthetics?

  • Blood-gas partition coefficient
  • High lipid solubility (correct)
  • Low lipid solubility
  • Alveolar ventilation rate
  • Which factor primarily determines the speed of induction and recovery from general anaesthesia?

  • Blood-gas partition coefficient (correct)
  • Alveolar ventilation rate
  • Oil-gas partition coefficient
  • Body weight
  • Which site of action of general anaesthetics is associated with analgesia and pain relay?

    <p>Thalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic adds flexibility and permits administration of lower doses of inhalational agents?

    <p>High potency and rapid onset/reversibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes parenteral drug classes from sedative drug classes in terms of administration?

    <p>Route of administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptors do Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines bind to?

    <p>GABA receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of GABA binding in the presence of Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines?

    <p>Increase Cl- influx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug can block the binding of Benzodiazepines to their receptors?

    <p>Flumazenil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At high doses, what additional receptors do Barbiturates block?

    <p>NMDA/glutamate receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Benzodiazepines in anesthesia?

    <p>Preoperatively for sedation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do inhaled anesthetics have faster induction compared to other routes?

    <p>Lower blood:gas partial pressure ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does a less soluble general anesthetic equilibrate more quickly with blood and tissues like the brain?

    <p>It has a smaller compartment in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of faster ventilation rate on the equilibration/induction of anesthesia with general anesthetics?

    <p>Speeds up induction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the onset of anesthesia appear slower with more soluble anesthetic gases like halothane compared to less soluble gases like nitrous oxide?

    <p>Halothane has a larger compartment in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anesthetic gas is relatively insoluble based on the blood:gas partition coefficient provided in the text?

    <p>Nitrous oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the relative size of the blood compartment in the schematic diagram regarding solubility in blood?

    <p>The solubility of the anesthetic gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does it take longer for the blood partial pressure of halothane to rise to the same level as in the alveoli compared to nitrous oxide?

    <p>Halothane has a larger compartment in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

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