7-L1

What is the effect of PTH on the kidney?

Stimulation of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol production (correct)
Regulation of potassium levels
Excretion of excess calcium
Inhibition of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol production

What is the result of increased 1,25(OH)2 D3 levels in the intestinal mucosa?

Enhanced calcium excretion
Increased synthesis of calbindin-D (correct)
Increased potassium absorption
Decreased absorption of calcium

What is the role of calbindin-D in the intestinal mucosa?

Potassium absorption
Calcium binding and absorption (correct)
Calcium excretion
Regulation of vitamin D levels

What is the ultimate effect of PTH on calcium levels?

Increased calcium absorption (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the parathyroid gland?

Production of hormones that regulate calcium levels (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of 1,25(OH)2 D3 on calcium levels?

Increased calcium absorption (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Luteinizing Hormone (LH)?

Affecting ovary and testis function (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main action of Oxytocin?

Stimulating uterine contractions and smooth muscle contraction in the breast (B) Signup and view all the answers

Hormones that can cross cell membranes bind to receptors located in the:

Cytoplasmic and/or nuclear regions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)?

Stimulating thyroid gland function (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates water conservation at the kidney level?

Arginine vasopressin (ADH) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the necessary step for hormones to change the activity of a target cell?

Hormone binding to specific receptors (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where are endocrine glands typically located in the body?

Throughout the body (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of endocrine glands?

To create and secrete hormones (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are hormones?

Chemical messengers that travel via the bloodstream (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of hormone binding to a receptor on a target cell?

Changes occur in the activity of enzymes or other proteins or in the expression of genes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical concentration of hormones in the blood?

Very low (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are hormones often transported in the blood?

Bound to carrier proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a second messenger in hormone action?

To influence the cell's activities after hormone binding (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the target tissues of some hormones?

Some hormones have one major target tissue, while others have multiple target tissues (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the cells that respond to hormones called?

Target cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where does inactivation of hormones occur?

In the liver, kidney, and sometimes in target tissues (B) Signup and view all the answers

How are steroid hormones inactivated?

By a small change in chemical structure that increases their water solubility (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate fate of protein hormones in the body?

They are broken down into amino acids that are reused for protein synthesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the anterior pituitary gland?

To secrete hormones that control other hormone production (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormones regulate the production of other hormones in the body?

Releasing and inhibiting hormones (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is responsible for producing releasing and inhibiting hormones?

Hypothalamus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of releasing and inhibiting hormones?

To stimulate or inhibit hormone production (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is controlled by trophic hormones?

Other hormone production (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of feedback is involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis?

Negative feedback (B) Signup and view all the answers

From where do releasing and inhibiting hormones travel to the pituitary gland?

From the hypothalamus (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary control mechanism for hormone secretion?

Negative feedback (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormone stimulates the release of ACTH and cortisol from the adrenal gland?

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (C) Signup and view all the answers