7-L1
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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of PTH on the kidney?

  • Stimulation of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol production (correct)
  • Regulation of potassium levels
  • Excretion of excess calcium
  • Inhibition of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol production

    • What is the result of increased 1,25(OH)2 D3 levels in the intestinal mucosa?

  • Enhanced calcium excretion
  • Increased synthesis of calbindin-D (correct)
  • Increased potassium absorption
  • Decreased absorption of calcium

    • What is the role of calbindin-D in the intestinal mucosa?

  • Potassium absorption
  • Calcium binding and absorption (correct)
  • Calcium excretion
  • Regulation of vitamin D levels

    • What is the ultimate effect of PTH on calcium levels?

    <p>Increased calcium absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the parathyroid gland?

    <p>Production of hormones that regulate calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of 1,25(OH)2 D3 on calcium levels?

    <p>Increased calcium absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Luteinizing Hormone (LH)?

    <p>Affecting ovary and testis function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of Oxytocin?

    <p>Stimulating uterine contractions and smooth muscle contraction in the breast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hormones that can cross cell membranes bind to receptors located in the:

    <p>Cytoplasmic and/or nuclear regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)?

    <p>Stimulating thyroid gland function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone regulates water conservation at the kidney level?

    <p>Arginine vasopressin (ADH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the necessary step for hormones to change the activity of a target cell?

    <p>Hormone binding to specific receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are endocrine glands typically located in the body?

    <p>Throughout the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of endocrine glands?

    <p>To create and secrete hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are hormones?

    <p>Chemical messengers that travel via the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of hormone binding to a receptor on a target cell?

    <p>Changes occur in the activity of enzymes or other proteins or in the expression of genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical concentration of hormones in the blood?

    <p>Very low</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are hormones often transported in the blood?

    <p>Bound to carrier proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a second messenger in hormone action?

    <p>To influence the cell's activities after hormone binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the target tissues of some hormones?

    <p>Some hormones have one major target tissue, while others have multiple target tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the cells that respond to hormones called?

    <p>Target cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does inactivation of hormones occur?

    <p>In the liver, kidney, and sometimes in target tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are steroid hormones inactivated?

    <p>By a small change in chemical structure that increases their water solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate fate of protein hormones in the body?

    <p>They are broken down into amino acids that are reused for protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the anterior pituitary gland?

    <p>To secrete hormones that control other hormone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hormones regulate the production of other hormones in the body?

    <p>Releasing and inhibiting hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is responsible for producing releasing and inhibiting hormones?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of releasing and inhibiting hormones?

    <p>To stimulate or inhibit hormone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is controlled by trophic hormones?

    <p>Other hormone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of feedback is involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis?

    <p>Negative feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From where do releasing and inhibiting hormones travel to the pituitary gland?

    <p>From the hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary control mechanism for hormone secretion?

    <p>Negative feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hormone stimulates the release of ACTH and cortisol from the adrenal gland?

    <p>Corticotropin Releasing Hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

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