18 Questions
What is the infective stage for all Schistosomes?
Cercariae
Which stage emerges as a sac-like structure containing the larva?
Sporocyst
What type of suckers do adult trematodes possess?
Oral and ventral hook or cup-shaped suckers
In Echinostoma infections, which organ is primarily affected?
Intestine
What is the first intermediate host for all trematodes?
Snail
Which larval stage occurs in the sporocyst?
Cercariae
Which feature is unique to Echinostoma species?
Fully developed miracidium when laid
What is a common clinical feature associated with E. revolutum infections?
Myocardial and valvular damage
Where are the two oval testes situated in adult trematodes?
Posterior part of the body
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Echinostoma species' morphology?
Minute size of 1-1.7 mm in length
What is a notable clinical symptom associated with trematode infections?
Diarrhea and colicky abdominal pain
Which region has reported potentially fatal migration of trematode eggs to the heart?
Far East
What is the size range of Fasciolopsis buski, the giant intestinal fluke?
2 to 7 cm long
Where does Fasciolopsis buski primarily reside in the human body?
Small intestine
Which symptom is particularly associated with heavier infections of Fasciolopsis buski?
Generalized edema
How are Fasciolopsis buski eggs distinguished from eggs of F.hepatica and F.gigantica?
Size and shape
In which region is Fasciolopsis buski predominantly found according to the information provided?
Central and Southeast Asia
What is the significance of Segmentina and Hippeutis in the life cycle of Fasciolopsis buski?
1st intermediate hosts (snails)
Study Notes
Fasciolopsis buski (Giant Intestinal Fluke)
- Found in central and Southeast Asia, China, Korea, and India
- Elongated oval fluke, 2-7 cm long, lives in the small intestine of humans
- Definitive hosts: humans and pigs
- First intermediate hosts: snails (Segmentina and Hippeutis)
- Second intermediate hosts: aquatic vegetation (Trapa bicornis, Eliocharis tuberosa, Ipomea obscura, and Nymphaea lotus)
Symptoms and Pathology
- Epigastric pain, nausea, and diarrhea, especially in the morning
- In heavier infections: generalized edema and ascites occur
- Inflammation, ulceration, and abscesses occur in the intestinal mucosa
- Generalized toxic and allergic reactions, including edema in the face, abdominal wall, and lower limbs
Diagnosis
- Based on clinical symptoms in endemic areas
- Eggs in feces (75-100 x 130-150 micrometers)
Other Intestinal Flukes
Heterophyid Flukes
- Minute intestinal fluke
- Heterophyes heterophyes (Von Siebold’s)
- Metagonimus yokogawai (Yokogawa’s fluke)
- Haplorchis taichui
- Haplorchis yokogawai
- Found in the Middle East, Far East, and Philippines
- Eggs are light brown, ovoid, operculated, and fully developed when laid
Trematodes (Flukes) General Characteristics
- Infective stage: ingestion of raw aquatic vegetation with encysted metacercariae
- Diagnostic stage: flat, leaf-shaped organisms with oral and ventral hook or cup-shaped suckers
- Hermaphrodites
- Eggs are operculated (except Schistosomes)
- Require an intermediate host (snail)
Explore the epidemiology and morphology of Fasciolopsis buski, a giant intestinal fluke found in parts of Asia. Learn about its size, shape, habitat, and characteristics of eggs. This quiz is part of the Parasitology course on Trematodes.
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