Schistosoma, Fasciolopsis, Clonorchis & Paragonimus Quiz
91 Questions
7 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What distinguishes Schistosomes from other trematodes?

  • Their intestinal caeca reunite after bifurcation (correct)
  • They have a muscular pharynx
  • Their eggs are operculated
  • They are hermaphroditic

    • How do Schistosomes infect their definitive hosts?

  • Through the respiratory system
  • By attaching to the host's intestines
  • Through ingestion of contaminated water
  • By penetrating the unbroken skin (correct)

    • Which species of Schistosome affects the urogenital system?

  • S.haematobium (correct)
  • S.mekongi
  • S.japonicum
  • S.intercalatum

    • What is the intermediate host for S.mansoni?

    <p>Biomphalaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of Schistosome affects the intestinal system?

    <p>S.japonicum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Schistosomes infect their intermediate hosts?

    <p>Through ingestion of contaminated water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main method of transmission for Schistosoma spp.?

    <p>Contact with contaminated water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infective form of Schistosoma spp. that encounters the skin?

    <p>Cercariae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prepatent period for Schistosoma haematobium?

    <p>10-12 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical symptom is associated with egg deposition and extrusion by Schistosoma haematobium?

    <p>Painless hematuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ can be affected by tissue proliferation and repair due to Schistosoma mansoni infection?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most practical method for the diagnosis of Schistosomiasis?

    <p>Microscopic identification of eggs in stool or urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of Schistosoma may lead to obstructive uropathy due to tissue proliferation in the bladder and lower ureter?

    <p>Schistosoma haematobium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic clinical manifestation associated with egg deposition and extrusion by Schistosoma mansoni?

    <p>Dysentery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should stool examination be performed for the suspected infection of S. mansoni or S. japonicum?

    <p>When infection with S. mansoni or S. japonicum is suspected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of biopsy may demonstrate eggs when stool or urine examinations are negative for Schistosomiasis?

    <p>Rectal biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immunological serological test can be used for the diagnosis of Schistosoma spp.?

    <p>Antibody detection test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main clinical feature of S. haematobium infection?

    <p>Painless terminal hematuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the migratory phase of S. haematobium infection, what symptoms might a person experience?

    <p>Rashes and itchy skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ can be affected by tissue proliferation and repair due to S. mansoni infection?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of eggs laid by female S. haematobium?

    <p>They are passed in the urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the release of toxic metabolites by schistosomulae during the growth stage of S. haematobium infection?

    <p>General anaphylactic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of schistosomiasis primarily involves vesical, prostatic, and uterine venous plexus?

    <p>S. haematobium infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of snails are implicated as intermediate hosts for S. haematobium in India?

    <p><em>Ferrissia tenuis</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication associated with chronic S. mansoni infection?

    <p><em>Cor pulmonale</em> and endarteritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the habitat of Oncomelania species, the snail intermediate host for Schistosoma japonicum?

    <p>Rice fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is hepatic cirrhosis caused by Schistosoma japonicum different from true cirrhosis?

    <p>It results from fibrosed granulomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main method of transmission for Schistosoma japonicum?

    <p>Skin contact with contaminated water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immunological test is used to demonstrate antibodies in serum for Schistosoma japonicum?

    <p>Falcon assay screening test (FAST/ELISA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can infection with Schistosoma japonicum be prevented near lakes, ponds, and rice fields?

    <p>Avoiding excretion near these areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ exhibits clay pipe stem cirrhosis due to Schistosoma japonicum infection?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infective form of Schistosoma spp. that encounters the skin?

    <p>Cercariae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are Schistosoma japonicum eggs demonstrated in stool examinations?

    <p>Kato Katz Smear technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes hepatic fibrosis caused by S.mansoni from that caused by S.japonicum?

    <p>Increased egg load in S.japonicum fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the diagnosis of schistosomiasis typically confirmed?

    <p>By finding ova in feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of liver involvement in schistosomiasis?

    <p>Portal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species of Schistosoma causes Oriental schistosomiasis?

    <p>S. japonicum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of urinary system involvement in schistosomiasis?

    <p>Obstructive uropathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary organs affected by S. japonicum infection?

    <p>Liver and brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to pipe-stem fibrosis in schistosomiasis?

    <p>Vascular occlusion by ova</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of brain involvement in schistosomiasis?

    <p>Seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is specifically mentioned as a treatment for Schistosomiasis in the text?

    <p>Albendazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main clinical feature of urinary schistosomiasis caused by S. haematobium?

    <p>Dysuria and frequency of micturition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic manifestation of cercarial dermatitis caused by Schistosoma species?

    <p>Papules, macules, and vesicles on the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common name for swimmer's itch caused by penetration of the skin by cercariae?

    <p>Cercarial dermatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic pathological response to damage by eggs in tissue due to Schistosomiasis?

    <p>Hoeppli reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the initial toxic and allergic symptoms associated with urinary schistosomiasis caused by S.haematobium?

    <p>Not marked, but bladder and ureter involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical clinical manifestation of intestinal schistosomiasis caused by S.mansoni?

    <p>Papules, papillomata, ulceration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between protozoa and helminths?

    <p>Protozoa consist of a true membrane-bound nucleus and cytoplasm, while helminths have no definite nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of parasite causes rupture of red blood cells, leading to a specific disease?

    <p>Plasmodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of disease production by parasites through mechanical injury?

    <p>Rupture of red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of worms lead to iron deficiency anemia due to their blood-sucking activities?

    <p>Round worms (Nematoda)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of parasites has larval stages parasitizing one or more species different from hosts of adults?

    <p>Trematoda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of disease production by parasites through the introduction of pathogenic microorganisms?

    <p>Urinary carrier rate of Salmonella typhi linked to urinary schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma haematobium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parasite results in the deprivation of nutrients, fluids, and metabolites by competing with the host for food?

    <p>Competing for other micronutrients causing Protein energy malnutrition as in Ascaris, Strongyloides etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the larval stages of trematodes that have an enormous impact on human populations?

    <p>Miracidium, redia, cercaria, and metacercaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism is responsible for intestinal obstruction?

    <p>Ascaris lumbricoides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of histolytic enzymes released by Entamoeba histolytica?

    <p>Lysis of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parasite leads to the blockage of ducts such as blood vessels or lymphatics?

    <p>Strongyloides stercoralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Platyhelminthes and Nematoda?

    <p>Platyhelminthes are flat worms while Nematoda are round worms with multi-layered nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes Protozoa from Helminths?

    <p>Presence of a nucleus and functional organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Parasites of medical importance in terms of their kingdoms?

    <p>Eukaryote and unicellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the general characteristic of trematodes?

    <p>Presence of an incomplete alimentary canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic feature of Arthropoda among the listed parasites?

    <p>Insects, spiders, mites, ticks etc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing factor between Protozoa and Helminths in terms of reproduction?

    <p>May have a sexual phase of their life cycle in another host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a general characteristic feature of Helminths?

    <p>Reproductive system highly developed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Arthropoda from other parasites?

    <p><strong>Insects, spiders, mites, ticks etc</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of trematodes?

    <p>Body covered with integument, also bears spines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates Protozoa from Arthropoda?

    <p>Reproduce quickly and asexually in the host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parasites possess flame cells and collecting tubules as part of their excretory system?

    <p>Helminths (nematodes, trematodes, cestodes/platyhelminths)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing characteristic of Acanthocephala or thorny-headed worms?

    <p>Body covered with integument and bearing spines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length range of the adult Fasciolopsis buski worm?

    <p>5 mm to 7.5 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the metacercariae of Fasciolopsis buski found?

    <p>On fresh water plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many eggs does each adult Fasciolopsis buski worm produce per day?

    <p>8000 to 50,000 eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common human intestinal trematode causing infection in humans?

    <p>Fasciolopsis buski</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which host serves as the definitive host for Fasciolopsis buski?

    <p>Pigs and humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Fasciolopsis buski found within the human body?

    <p>Small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size range of the eggs produced by the adult Fasciolopsis buski worm?

    <p>$130-140$ µm to $80-85$ µm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which snails act as the first intermediate hosts for Fasciolopsis buski?

    <p>$Planorbid$ snails of certain genera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infective form of Fasciolopsis buski to humans and pigs?

    <p>$Metacercariae$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the year when Fasciolopsis buski was first described?

    <p>1843</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of infection for Clonorchis sinensis?

    <p>Raw or partially cooked fish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which animal is mentioned as a reservoir for Clonorchis sinensis?

    <p>Dogs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most frequent complication of Clonorchis sinensis infection of long-standing duration?

    <p>Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the definitive diagnosis of Clonorchis sinensis infection typically made?

    <p>Demonstration of eggs in the faeces or duodenal contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most frequent complication of long-standing clonorchiasis infection?

    <p>Cholangiocarcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for clonorchiasis?

    <p>Praziquantel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can clonorchiasis infection be prevented at the community level?

    <p>Avoiding consumption of raw fish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the adult Paragonimus westermani worm live in the definitive host?

    <p>Close to the bronchioles in the lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specimen is the preferred choice for parasitic diagnosis of Paragonimus westermani infection?

    <p>Sputum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infective form of Paragonimus westermani to humans and other definitive hosts?

    <p>Metacercaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Characteristics of Schistosomes

    • Schistosomes are distinguished from other trematodes by their unique characteristics.
    • They infect their definitive hosts through skin penetration.

    Schistosoma spp. Infections

    • Schistosoma haematobium affects the urogenital system.
    • Schistosoma mansoni affects the intestinal system.
    • Schistosoma spp. infect their intermediate hosts through cercarial penetration.

    Transmission and Diagnosis

    • The main method of transmission for Schistosoma spp. is through skin contact with contaminated water.
    • The infective form of Schistosoma spp. that encounters the skin is cercariae.
    • The prepatent period for Schistosoma haematobium is 6-8 weeks.
    • Clinical symptoms associated with egg deposition and extrusion by Schistosoma haematobium include hematuria and dysuria.
    • The liver can be affected by tissue proliferation and repair due to Schistosoma mansoni infection.
    • The most practical method for the diagnosis of Schistosomiasis is through stool examination.
    • Immunological serological tests, such as ELISA, can be used for the diagnosis of Schistosoma spp.

    Clinical Manifestations

    • The main clinical feature of S. haematobium infection is hematuria.
    • During the migratory phase of S. haematobium infection, symptoms may include fever, cough, and malaise.
    • The characteristic clinical manifestation associated with egg deposition and extrusion by S. mansoni is bloody diarrhea.
    • The characteristic of eggs laid by female S. haematobium is that they are larger than those of S. mansoni.
    • The release of toxic metabolites by schistosomulae during the growth stage of S. haematobium infection can cause an inflammatory response.

    Intermediate Hosts and Habitat

    • The intermediate host for S. mansoni is Biomphalaria snails.
    • Oncomelania species are the snail intermediate hosts for Schistosoma japonicum.
    • The habitat of Oncomelania species is in lakes, ponds, and rice fields.

    Prevention and Treatment

    • Infection with Schistosoma japonicum can be prevented near lakes, ponds, and rice fields by avoiding contact with contaminated water.
    • Praziquantel is a specific treatment for Schistosomiasis.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the morphology and features that distinguish Schistosoma from other trematodes. Learn about the main species infecting humans and their distinguishing characteristics.

    More Like This

    Kuis Morfologi dan Karakteristik Schistosoma japonicum
    12 questions

    Mengenal Ciri Ciri Telur Schistosoma japonicum dan Morfologi

    EnthralledRabbit avatar
    EnthralledRabbit
    Schistosoma Parasites
    5 questions

    Schistosoma Parasites

    WellBredBeauty avatar
    WellBredBeauty
    Schistosoma Worms Quiz
    12 questions

    Schistosoma Worms Quiz

    ReformedTourmaline avatar
    ReformedTourmaline
    Schistosoma Life Cycle and Habitat
    30 questions

    Schistosoma Life Cycle and Habitat

    LikeClover avatar
    LikeClover
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser