Paraphilic Disorders Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is defined as repeated and intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors in response to objects or situations that society deems inappropriate?

Paraphilic Disorders

Most people with paraphilic disorders receive a formal diagnosis.

False (B)

What are the two main diagnostic criteria for paraphilic disorders?

Recurrent and intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving objects or situations outside of usual sexual norms, AND experience significant distress or impairment over the fantasies, urges, or behaviors.

What is an example of a situation often included in the diagnostic criteria of paraphilic disorders?

<p>Experiencing sexual arousal from non-human objects. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There is a lot of strong scientific evidence to support the various theories about the causes of paraphilic disorders.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main types of interventions commonly used for paraphilic disorders?

<p>Psychological, sociocultural, biological.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a common treatment approach for fetishistic disorder.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cognitive behaviorist theory often associated with Transvestic disorder?

<p>Learning through classical conditioning early in life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does Exhibitionistic disorder typically start?

<p>Before age 18</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main theories of etiology for exhibitionistic disorder?

<p>Immaturity in interpersonal and sexual relationships, fears about masculinity, and possessive mothers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aversion therapy is one of the primary treatment options for exhibitionistic disorder.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Voyeuristic disorder often starts before age 15.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two primary theoretical frameworks for understanding voyeuristic disorder?

<p>Psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the psychodynamic theory often associated with voyeuristic disorder?

<p>Feelings of inadequacy or shyness drive the search for power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cognitive-behaviorist theory linked to voyeuristic disorder?

<p>Learned behavior traced to a chance and secret observation of a sexually arousing scene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Frotteuristic disorder typically begins during adolescence or even earlier.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pedophilic disorder primarily affects boys.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristic traits often associated with individuals who develop pedophilic disorder during adolescence?

<p>A history of mental illness. (A), Immaturity, distorted thinking, and other psychological disorders. (B), A lack of social skills. (C), Past experiences of trauma or abuse. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are potential treatment options for pedophilic disorder? (Select all that apply)

<p>Aversion therapy. (A), Cognitive-behavioral therapy. (B), Group therapy. (C), Social skills training. (D), Medication to suppress sex drive. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is common for people with pedophilic disorder to be imprisoned.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'hypoxyphilia' refer to?

<p>Sexual arousal derived from oxygen deprivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main theoretical perspectives explaining Sexual Sadism Disorder?

<p>Cognitive-Behavioral and Psychodynamic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Biological factors, such as brain and hormonal abnormalities, are considered a potential contributing factor to Sexual Sadism Disorder.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are common treatment approaches for Sexual Sadism Disorder? (Select all that apply)

<p>Antiandrogen Drugs. (A), Aversion Therapy. (B), Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. (D), Masturbatory Satiation. (E), Relapse-Prevention Training.. (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Paraphilic Disorder

Repeated and intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving objects or situations that society deems inappropriate.

Diagnosis of Paraphilic Disorder

A paraphilic disorder diagnosed when the individual experiences recurrent and intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving nonhuman objects, nongenital body parts, suffering or humiliation of oneself or one’s partner, or children or other nonconsenting persons.

Fetishistic Disorder

A paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent, intense sexual urges or fantasies involving inanimate objects.

Transvestic Disorder

A paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent and intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving the act of cross-dressing.

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Exhibitionistic Disorder

A paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent and intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving the exposure of one's genitals to unsuspecting strangers.

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Voyeuristic Disorder

A paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent and intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving the act of observing unsuspecting individuals who are naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity.

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Frotteuristic Disorder

A paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent and intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting person.

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Pedophilic Disorder

A paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent and intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving sexual activity with prepubescent children.

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Sexual Masochism Disorder

A paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent and intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving the act of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer.

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Sexual Sadism Disorder

A paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent intense sexual arousal from fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving the act of psychological or physical suffering of another person.

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Psychodynamic Theory of Paraphilias

A theory that suggests paraphilias result from unconscious conflicts and repressed desires.

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Behavioral Theory of Paraphilias

A theory that suggests paraphilias are learned through association and reinforcement.

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Aversion Therapy

A therapy approach that attempts to change the individual's behavior through negative associations.

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Covert Sensitization

A therapy approach that involves mentally pairing the deviant sexual behavior with negative consequences.

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Imagined Aversion Stimulation

A therapy approach that involves imagining the deviant sexual behavior while experiencing unpleasant stimuli.

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Masturbatory Satiation

A therapy approach that involves masturbating to satiation until the deviant sexual behavior is no longer appealing.

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Relapse-Prevention Training

A type of cognitive-behavioral therapy that focuses on helping individuals identify triggers and develop coping mechanisms to prevent relapse.

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Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment

A therapy approach that focuses on changing the individual's thought patterns and behaviors related to their paraphilia.

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Antiandrogen Drugs

Hormonal medications designed to reduce testosterone levels, thereby reducing sexual urges and behaviors.

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Classical Conditioning Theory of Paraphilias

A theory that suggests paraphilias may result from early childhood experiences, such as exposure to sexual abuse.

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Hypoxyphilia

A subtype of sexual masochism disorder involving the act of inducing oxygen deprivation.

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Autoerotic Asphyxia

A subtype of sexual masochism disorder involving the restriction of oxygen flow during self-stimulation.

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Modeling Theory of Paraphilias

A theory that suggests paraphilias may result from modeling or imitating observed behaviors, particularly through media like pornography.

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Biological Theory of Paraphilias

A theory that suggests paraphilias may be a product of biological factors, such as brain and hormone imbalances.

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Combined Treatment Approaches for Paraphilias

A group of interventions that combine psychological therapies and biological treatments to address paraphilias.

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Social Skills Training

A type of therapy that involves helping individuals develop social skills and improve their interpersonal relationships.

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Insight Therapy

A type of therapy that focuses on exploring the individual's thoughts, feelings, and experiences related to their paraphilia.

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Psychodynamic Therapy

A therapy approach that involves discussing the individual's past experiences and how they have shaped their current behavior.

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Study Notes

Paraphilic Disorders

  • Paraphilic disorders involve repeated and intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors directed towards objects or situations that society considers inappropriate.
  • Individuals with these disorders may act inappropriately.
  • Multiple paraphilias may be present.
  • While many display patterns, formal diagnosis isn't common.

Diagnosis of Paraphilic Disorders

  • To be diagnosed, a person must frequently experience intense, sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving:
    • Non-human objects
    • Non-genital body parts
    • Suffering or humiliation of self or partner
    • Children or non-consenting persons
  • These behaviors must deviate significantly from usual sexual norms, causing significant distress or impairment.

Etiology and Treatment

  • Little formal evidence supports specific theories of etiology (causes).
  • No treatments have been proven highly effective.
  • Various psychological, sociocultural, and biological interventions are employed.

Fetishistic Disorder

  • Key feature: Recurrent, intense sexual urges or fantasies related to non-genital objects or non-human entities.
  • Psychodynamic theories: explore unconscious motivations.
  • Behaviorist theories: focus on learned responses.
  • Cognitive-behavioral treatments include aversion therapy, covert sensitization, imagined aversive stimulation, and masturbatory satiation.

Transvestic Disorder (Transvestism, Cross-dressing)

  • Involves fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving cross-dressing, typically heterosexual males.
  • This begins in childhood or adolescence.
  • The behavior doesn't involve transgender feelings or behaviors.
  • Cognitive-behavioral theory suggests that this behavior is learned through classical conditioning.

Exhibitionistic Disorder

  • Arousal occurs from exposing genitals to unsuspecting individuals.
  • Commonly starts before the age of 18.
  • Males are more commonly affected.
  • Etiologies include interpersonal and sexual relationship immaturity, fears about masculinity, and a possible possessive mother.
  • Treatments include aversion therapy, masturbatory satiation, social skills training, and insight therapy.

Voyeuristic Disorder

  • Recurrent, intense urges to observe unsuspecting individuals during private moments.
  • Usually begins before age 15.
  • Psychodynamic theories explore feelings of inadequacy or shyness, potentially leading to a search for power.
  • Cognitive-behavioral theory explains learned behaviors from chance or secret observations of sexually arousing scenes.

Frotteuristic Disorder

  • Intense recurrent fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving touching or rubbing against non-consenting individuals in crowded public places.
  • Often begins in adolescence or earlier.

Pedophilic Disorder

  • Repeated and intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving children (typically prepubescent).
  • Individuals act on these urges or experience significant distress.
  • Two-thirds of victims are girls.
  • May emerge during adolescence.
  • Possible history of childhood sexual abuse.
  • Characterized by immature thinking, distorted thinking, potential psychological disorders, and potential difficulties in marital relationships.
  • Often leads to imprisonment or mandatory treatment.
  • Treatments include aversion therapy, masturbatory satiation, antiandrogen drugs, and cognitive-behavioral training (relapse prevention).

Sexual Masochism Disorder

  • Involves fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving acts intended to cause suffering or humiliation to self, sometimes involving hypoxyphilia (autoerotic asphyxia).
  • Development may begin in childhood from behavioral processes of classical conditioning.

Sexual Sadism Disorder

  • Repeated, intense sexual arousal from inflicting pain or humiliation on others.
  • Theories include:
    • Cognitive-behavioral: classical conditioning and modeling from sources such as internet pornography.
    • Cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic: sexual inadequacy might drive a need to inflict pain.
    • Biological: brain and hormonal abnormalities might play a role.
  • Treatments include aversion therapy, masturbatory satiation, CBT, antiandrogen drugs, and relapse-prevention training.

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Description

This quiz explores paraphilic disorders, focusing on their characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment options. It highlights the intensity of sexual urges towards atypical objects or situations and examines the implications of such behaviors. Additionally, it touches on the challenges surrounding their etiology and management.

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