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Questions and Answers
According to Gardner (1985), how does orientation influence achievement in language learning?
It is an indirect influence, operating in combination with other factors.
What did recent research by Baker (1992) suggest about the relationship between attitude and language ability?
Attitudes are shaped by various variables and in turn affect language ability.
According to Snow, Padilla, & Campbell (1988), what factor makes a difference in successful outcomes of second language study?
The intensity of motivation.
Why do instructional obstacles arise in language education according to the text?
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What type of influence does orientation have on achievement in language learning, based on Gardner-Lambert questionnaires?
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In what way do various factors operate to affect language learning according to Gardner (1985)?
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What is the key factor that affects successful outcomes in second language study, as stated by Snow, Padilla, & Campbell (1988)?
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Why do some students face instructional obstacles in language education, according to the text?
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What is the role of attitude in language ability, according to recent research by Baker (1992)?
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How do various variables like gender and age influence language attitudes, as discussed by Baker (1992)?
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