Paramedic Drug Cards: Activated Charcoal

Questions and Answers

What is the indication for the use of narcotic antagonists?

Narcotic overdose, respiratory depression, coma of unknown origin

What is a contraindication for narcotic antagonists?

Hypersensitivity

What are the side effects of narcotic antagonists? (Select all that apply)

Blurred vision (correct)

Nausea/Vomiting (correct)

Weight gain

Tachycardia (correct)

What is the adult dose for administering narcotic antagonists?

2-4mg IV/IM/IN/ET/IO; possible dose of 0.5-1mg IV, 2mg IM/IN Signup and view all the answers

What is the pediatric dose for administering narcotic antagonists?

0.1mg/kg IV/IM with a maximum of 2mg Signup and view all the answers

Chronic opiate users may experience seizures from withdrawal if given narcotic antagonists.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the trade name for Nitroglycerin?

Nitrostat Signup and view all the answers

What classification does Nitroglycerin fall under?

Coronary Vasodilator Signup and view all the answers

What are the actions/effects of Nitroglycerin? (Select all that apply)

Dilates systemic arteries Signup and view all the answers

Nitroglycerin can be used for hypertension emergencies.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for Nitroglycerin administration?

EMT-P systolic Signup and view all the answers

What is the trade name for Activated Charcoal?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of Adenosine?

Antiarrhythmic Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of Albuterol?

Dizziness Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for Amiodarone?

V-Fib/V-Tach Pulseless Signup and view all the answers

What is the adult dose for Amyl Nitrate?

0.3ml or an Amyl Nitrate glass pearl Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of Aspirin?

Constipation Signup and view all the answers

What is the action of Atropine Sulfate?

Increases heart rate Signup and view all the answers

What is contraindicated for the use of Diazepam?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the pediatric dose for Diphenhydramine?

1-2mg/kg IM/IV Signup and view all the answers

Dopamine acts on _______ receptors.

dopaminergic, beta1/alpha1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the action of Epinephrine 1-1,000?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

What is the adult dose for Haloperidol?

5-10mg IM/IV Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for Ibuprofen?

Fever, Pain, Inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of Lorazepam?

Benzodiazepine Signup and view all the answers

What is a side effect of Meperidine HCL?

Respiratory depression Signup and view all the answers

Dextrose 5% is classified as a _______ solution.

Hypotonic Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Activated Charcoal

Trade Names: Actidose, Super Char, Charcodate, Liqui-Char, Aqua-Char
Classification: Antidote, Adsorbent
Action: Adsorbs poisons, limiting absorption in oral poisonings and non-caustic overdoses
Contraindications: Avoid in caustic acids, alkalis, iron tablets, lithium, and ETOH overdose
Side Effects: Potential constipation and vomiting
Dosage: 1 gm/kg PO or via NG/OG tube

Adenosine

Trade Name: Adenocard
Classification: Antiarrhythmic
Action: Slows supraventricular tachycardia by interrupting AV node pathways
Indication: PSVT rhythm after vagal maneuvers
Contraindications: 2nd & 3rd degree AV heart block, Sick Sinus Syndrome, A-Fib
Side Effects: Possible syncope, chest pain, flushing, and dizziness
Dosage: Adult - 6mg IV push; repeat 12mg if needed; Pediatric - 0.1mg/kg

Albuterol

Trade Names: Proventil, Ventolin
Classification: Bronchodilator, Sympathomimetic
Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle via beta2-adrenergic agonism
Indications: Asthma and reversible obstructive airway disease
Contraindications: Relative to symptoms; includes dysrhythmias, angina, HTN
Side Effects: Tremors, anxiety, palpitations
Dosage: Adult - 2.5mg/3ml; Pediatric - 2.5mg > 1 year old

Amiodarone

Trade Name: Cordarone
Classification: Antiarrhythmic
Action: Prolongs cardiac action potential and increases refractory period
Indication: V-Fib/V-Tach pulseless
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity
Side Effects: Potential lung and liver problems
Dosage: Adult - 150-300 mg IV; Pediatric - 5mg/kg IV/IO

Amyl Nitrate

Trade Name: Vaporole
Classification: Vasodilator, Cyanide antidote
Action: Converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin, causing vasodilation
Indication: Cyanide poisoning
Side Effects: Hypotension, headaches, nausea
Dosage: 0.3ml or an amyl nitrate glass pearl

Aspirin

Trade Names: ASA, Baby Aspirin, Bayer
Classification: Anti-platelet, NSAID
Action: Decreases platelet aggregation, prolongs clotting time
Indications: MI, coronary artery disease, pericarditis
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, ongoing anticoagulant therapy
Side Effects: Heartburn, tinnitus, nausea
Dosage: 160-325mg chewable

Atropine Sulfate

Trade Name: Atropine
Classification: Anticholinergic agent
Action: Increases heart rate and contractility
Indications: Symptomatic bradycardia and organophosphate poisoning
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, tachycardia, AV heart block
Side Effects: Dizziness, dry mouth, nausea
Dosage: Adult - 0.5mg IV; Pediatric - 0.02mg/kg

Diazepam

Trade Name: Valium
Classification: Benzodiazepine, Anticonvulsant
Action: Relaxes CNS, provides antianxiety and anticonvulsant effects
Indications: Status epilepticus, severe anxiety
Contraindications: CNS depression, hypersensitivity
Side Effects: Respiratory depression, confusion
Dosage: Adult - 5-20mg IV; Pediatric - 0.1mg/kg

Diphenhydramine

Trade Name: Benadryl
Classification: Antihistamine
Action: Blocks H1 histamine receptors
Indications: Anaphylaxis, allergic reactions
Contraindications: Asthma, hypersensitivity
Side Effects: Drowsiness, hypotension, thickened bronchial secretions
Dosage: Adult - 25-50mg IM/IV; Pediatric - 1-2mg/kg

Dopamine

Trade Name: Intropin
Classification: Sympathomimetic, Inotrope
Action: Stimulates dopaminergic and adrenergic receptors
Indication: Cardiogenic shock and hypotension
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, V-Fib
Side Effects: Hypertension, nausea
Dosage: Adult/Pediatric - 800mg in 500cc D5W or NS

Dextrose 5%

Classification: Hypotonic solution
Indications: Mixing medications like lidocaine and dopamine
Cautions: Use cautiously as main IV fluid

Epinephrine 1-1,000

Trade Name: Adrenalin 1-1,000
Classification: Bronchodilator, cardiac stimulant
Action: Relieves bronchial edema, increases HR
Indications: Anaphylaxis, asthmatic reactions
Side Effects: Tremors, palpitations
Dosage: Adult - 0.3-0.5mg SQ; Pediatric - 0.01mg/kg

Epinephrine 1-10,000

Trade Name: Adrenalin 1-10,000
Classification: Cardiac stimulant
Action: Increases cardiac activity and blood pressure
Indications: Cardiac arrest scenarios
Side Effects: Hypertension
Dosage: Adult - 0.5-1mg IV; Pediatric - 0.01mg/kg

Fentanyl

Trade Name: Sublimaze
Classification: Opioid analgesic
Action: Bind to receptors for pain relief
Indications: Pain control and RSI
Contraindications: Hypotension and respiratory depression
Side Effects: Respiratory depression, bradycardia
Dosage: Adult - 25-50mcg IV; Pediatric - 0.5-1mcg/kg

Furosemide

Trade Name: Lasix
Classification: Loop diuretic
Action: Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in kidneys
Indications: Pulmonary edema, CHF
Contraindications: Pregnancy, hypovolemia
Side Effects: Dehydration, hypotension
Dosage: Adult - 20-80mg IV; Pediatric - 1mg/kg

Glucagon

Trade Name: GlucaGen
Classification: Pancreatic hormone
Action: Raises glucose level through liver glycogen
Indication: Hypoglycemia
Side Effects: Hypotension, nausea
Dosage: Adult - 1mg IM/IV; Pediatric - 0.02-0.03mg/kg

Glucose or Dextrose

Trade Name: D 50, 50% Dextrose
Classification: Carbohydrate
Indication: Hypoglycemia
Contraindications: Intracranial hemorrhage
Dosage: Adult - 25-50g IV; Pediatric - 0.5-1gm/kg

Haloperidol

Trade Name: Haldol
Classification: Antipsychotic
Action: Blocks dopamine receptors in the brain
Indications: Acute psychotic episodes
Contraindications: CNS depression and severe toxic states
Side Effects: Orthostatic hypotension, blurred vision
Dosage: Adult - 5-10mg IM/IV

Hydroxocobalamin

Trade Name: Cyanokit
Classification: Cyanide antidote
Action: Combines with cyanide for excretion
Indication: Cyanide exposure
Side Effects: Red skin discoloration, transient hypertension
Dosage: Adult - 5g infused over 15 minutes; Pediatric contact medical control

Ibuprofen

Trade Names: Advil, Motrin
Classification: Non-narcotic analgesic
Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis for pain relief and reduction of inflammation
Indications: Fever and pain
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity
Dosage: Adult - 200-800mg; Pediatric - 10mg/kg

Lactated Ringers

Trade Name: LR
Classification: Isotonic fluid
Action: Aids fluid replacement for dehydration
Indications: IV maintenance and electrolyte replacement
Dosage: Adult - 200-500cc; Pediatric - 20cc/kg

Lidocaine HCL

Trade Names: Xylocaine, Xylocard
Classification: Antiarrhythmic agent
Action: Decreases cardiac depolarization and automaticity
Indications: V-Fib, V-Tach
Contraindications: Bradycardia, AV heart blocks
Dosage: For both Adult & Pediatric - 0.75-1.5mg/kg IV every 3-5min

Lorazepam

Trade Name: Ativan
Classification: Benzodiazepine
Action: Provides sedation and seizure control
Indications: Seizures, chemical restraint
Contraindications: CNS depression

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Description

This quiz focuses on the drug Activated Charcoal, an antidote used in cases of oral poisonings. Explore its trade names, classification, action, indications, and contraindications to reinforce your understanding. Perfect for paramedic students looking to enhance their knowledge of critical drug protocols.