Pàirt 7: Stratachadh Global

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Questions and Answers

Cò na dithis bho dhiùthchaichean eadar-dhealaichte a tha air an cleachdadh mar eisimpleirean gus an t-eadar-dhealachadh a shealltainn ann am beatha anns na dùthchannan aca?

Getu agus Zenebu, bho dhùthchannan eadar-dhealaichte

Dè a' phrìomh dhuilgheadas a tha aig teaghlach Getu agus Zenebu?

Tha iad bochd

Dè a' chrìoch a tha aig an teaghlach Kellys anns na Stàitean Aonaichte?

Tha iad bochd

Tha iad cho beairteach 's nach eil fios aca dè a nì iad leis an airgead (correct)

Tha iad saibhir

Chan eil fios

Tha iad meadhan-chlasaigeach

Tha an siostam caiste a' toirt cothrom do dhaoine faighinn suas anns a' chomann-shòisealta.

False Signup and view all the answers

Dè a' phrìomh eadar-dhealachadh eadar an siostam caiste agus an siostam clasaigeach?

Tha an siostam caiste stèidhichte air breith fhad 's a tha an siostam clasaigeach stèidhichte air beairteas Signup and view all the answers

Cò a thug a-steach an teirm 'fìor-fhiosrachadh meallta'?

Nochd Melvin Tumin Signup and view all the answers

Dè na trì prìomh eileamaidean de chlasaichean sòisealta a rèir Max Weber?

Maoineachadh, cumhachd, agus cliù Signup and view all the answers

Dè an teirm a tha a' toirt cunntas air an dealachadh eadar na daoine bochda agus na daoine beairteach?

Stratification sòisealta Signup and view all the answers

Tha stratification sòisealta a' tachairt ann an gach comann-shòisealta.

True Signup and view all the answers

Dè na trì siostaman prìomh de stratification sòisealta?

Siostam tràillean, siostam caiste, agus siostam clasaigeach Signup and view all the answers

Dè a’ phrìomh adhbhar a tha aig an t-siostam tràillean?

Sealbhachadh daoine le daoine eile Signup and view all the answers

Dè an dùthaich a tha na eisimpleir as fheàrr den t-siostam caiste?

Na h-Innseachan Signup and view all the answers

Dè an teirm a tha a' toirt cunntas air gluasad suas no sìos anns a' chomann-shòisealta?

Gluasad sòisealta Signup and view all the answers

Dè an dòigh a tha air a chleachdadh le luchd-riaghlaidh gus an dàimh aca a chumail suas agus cumhachd a chumail?

Tha iad a' cleachdadh ideòlas agus teicneòlas Signup and view all the answers

Tha neo-cholaineachas na phrìomh dhòigh air stratification sòisealta a chumail suas anns a' chomann-shòisealta.

True Signup and view all the answers

Cò na trì saoghal a tha a' riochdachadh stratification sòisealta air feadh an t-saoghail?

Na dùthchannan as motha a tha air an gnàthachadh, na dùthchannan a tha air an gnàthachadh, agus na dùthchannan as lugha a tha air an gnàthachadh. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

### Chapter 7: Global Stratification

Global Stratification: A comparison of two families, one from Ethiopia and one from Springfield, Illinois, illustrates the vast differences in living standards globally.
Ethiopian Family: Lives in a small, impoverished hut (320 square feet) with no electricity, gas, or running water. They rely on farming and have a low annual income ($130).
Springfield Family: Lives in a large, well-equipped house (2,200 square feet) with modern amenities, including central heating, air conditioning, appliances, and high annual income ($50,890).
Contrast: The stark differences highlight the unequal distribution of resources across the globe.

### An Overview of Social Stratification

Social Stratification: A system of dividing people into layers based on their resources (power, property, and prestige). This system affects life chances, access to opportunities, and even life expectancy.
Universal: Social stratification occurs in all societies, though the degree of inequality varies.
Key Systems:
- Slavery: People owning other people as property; historically common, but outlawed in many places.
- Caste: Status determined by birth; rigid social structure; often linked to religion.
- Class: Primarily based on wealth; allows more social mobility.

### Conditions of Slavery

Varied Conditions: The conditions of slavery have differed across time and cultures and were not always permanent. Sometimes it was related to debt, crime, or war.
Ownership vs. Lineage: Some cultures did treat slavery as a permanent and inheritable status, while others allowed for individuals to purchase freedom, or for children of slaves to be free.

### Slavery in the New World

Growing Need for Labour: The search for labor, fueled by growing need for colonies and their economic development led to a new source of slaves.
Enslaving Indigenous People: Initially, attempts to enslave indigenous people were mostly unsuccessful due to their greater knowledge of the terrain.
The African Slave Trade: The transatlantic slave trade supplied enslaved Africans to the New World.
Inheritable Status: Some societies made the status of slave inheritable.

### Casteh

Ascribed Status: Status determined by birth in a social group, often linked to religious or social practices.
Ritual Pollution: In many caste systems, contact with individuals from lower castes is often considered polluting. This generates rules and social boundaries.
India's Castes: Provides a prime example of a caste system. There are four main castes, subdivided into numerous sub-castes.

### Class

Fluid Boundaries: Status is primarily based on economic resources (property and wealth). Class systems are more fluid compared to slavery or caste systems, offering potential social mobility.
Social Mobility: Ability for people to move among different classes either upward or downward.
Material Possessions: Economic resources play a significant role in defining class.

### Global Stratification

Three Worlds Model: A historical model of global stratification that categorized countries into three groups: First World (industrialized capitalist nations), Second World (Communist nations), and Third World (nations not fitting into the previous two categories).
Revised Model: This model is outdated but still provides a general perspective, with categories like Most Industrialized, Industrializing, and Least Industrialized nations.

### How Did The World's Nations Become Stratified?

Colonialism: Powerful nations established colonies to exploit their resources and labor, creating lasting disparities in wealth and power.
World Systems Theory: Industrialization and globalization led to the development of a global economic system where nations were interconnected in complex ways, with core nations, semi-periphery nations, and periphery nations experiencing different outcomes.
Culture of Poverty: Some theorists argue that certain cultural traits and attitudes perpetuate poverty, but this model is highly criticized for blaming poverty on the poor.

### Maintaining Global Stratification

Neocolonialism: Continued economic control and exploitation of lesser developed nations by more developed ones, particularly through international trade and debt relations.
Multinational Corporations (MNCs): The activities of MNCs can maintain global stratification because of the profit seeking and global reach. This often involves exploiting cheaper labor in less developed nations.

### The Dump People: Working and Living and Playing in the City Dump

Phnom Penh, Cambodia: People living and working within Phnom Penh's city dump; a survival strategy in the face of overwhelming poverty.

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Bheir an quiz seo seachad na h-eadar-dhealachaidhean mòra ann an inbhean beò eadar famíliaichean taobh a-staigh Ethiopia agus Springfield, Illinois. Thar an t-slighe, freagairidh tu na ceistean mu dheidhinn stratachadh sòisealta agus a' bhuaidh a th' aige air cothroman anns a' chòrr den t-saoghal.