18 Questions
What is the role of Bradykinin in pain perception?
Vasodilation and plasma extravasation to increase blood flow
What is the role of TRPV1 channels in pain perception?
Detection of heat and inflammatory mediators
What is the effect of PKA and PKC activation on metabotropic receptors?
Activation of metabotropic receptors
What is the role of 5-Ht in pain signaling?
Activate nociceptors and increase bradykinin
What is the effect of chronic pain on GABA's inhibitory function?
GABA's inhibitory function is decreased
What is the result of glial cell activation in chronic pain?
Withdrawal of glutamate receptors on astrocytes
What is the mechanism of central sensitization in chronic pain?
Increased dendritic sprouting in nociceptors
What is the role of cytokines in pain signaling?
Releasing other inflammatory mediators to activate nociceptors
Match the following TRP channels with their associated stimuli:
TRPV1 = Heat TRPM8 = Cold TRPV2 = Mechanical stress TRPA1 = Chemical irritants
Match the following neurotransmitters with their effects in pain signaling:
CGRP = Vasodilation and inflammatory response Histamine = Vasodilation and plasma extravasation Bradykinin = Vasodilation and plasma extravasation PKA = Increased CREB activity
Match the following molecules with their roles in pain signaling:
PKA = Activates metabotropic reception PKC = Activates metabotropic reception CGRP = Triggers inflammatory response Bradykinin = Increases blood flow to the affected area
Match the following compounds with their effects on nociceptors:
Capsaicin = Activates TRPV1 Menthol = Activates TRPM8 Histamine = Increases plasma extravasation Bradykinin = Increases blood flow to the affected area
Match the following terms with their descriptions in pain signaling:
Inflammatory soup = Array of chemicals released after injury or in chronic pain Metabotropic receptors = Activated by PKA and PKC Nociceptors = Sensory neurons that detect painful stimuli Peripheral sensitization = Increased sensitivity of nociceptors
Match the following substances with their functions in pain signaling:
Prostaglandin = Activate nociceptors and lower pain thresholds GABA = Inhibit pain in the periphery and spinal cord Cytokines = Release other inflammatory mediators and sensitize nociceptors Glutamate = Excitatory transmitter released by nociceptors
Match the following cells with their roles in chronic pain:
Astrocyte = Involved in chemical regulation between neurons in the CNS GABA interneuron = Should control communication between primary afferent and projection neurons Glial cell = Activated by inflammatory soup, leading to chronic pain Nociceptor = Release glutamate and trigger pain signaling
Match the following pathways with their effects on pain:
Central sensitization = Increase pain perception by producing LTP-like potentiation in the spinal cord Disinhibition = Lead to increased pain due to loss of GABA's inhibitory function LTP = Involved in learning and memory in the brain Nociceptor activation = Triggers release of inflammatory soup and pain signaling
Match the following substances with their effects on pain signaling:
5-Ht = Activate nociceptors and increase bradykinin Endogenous opioids = Shut down pain signaling at the site of injury GABA = Inhibit pain in the periphery and spinal cord Glutamate = Excitatory transmitter released by nociceptors
Match the following processes with their effects on pain perception:
Dendritic sprouting = Increase pain perception by increasing glutamate release Cellular tolerance = Lead to decreased glutamate uptake and increased pain Central sensitization = Increase pain perception by producing LTP-like potentiation in the spinal cord Nociceptor sensitization = Increase pain perception by increasing bradykinin
Test your knowledge on the different types of TRP channels, their implications, and the role of various chemicals in pain perception. Learn about the activation of metabotropic receptors, the effects of inflammatory soup, and the triggers of chronic pain.
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