Pain Medication Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following drugs is classified as a Schedule 2 drug?

  • Methadone (correct)
  • Xanax
  • Lyrica
  • Ketamine

    • Which of these drugs is NOT classified as a Schedule 3 drug?

  • Products with less than 90 milligrams of codeine
  • Testosterone
  • Anabolic steroids
  • Hydromorphone (correct)

    • What is the main characteristic of drugs classified under Schedule 4?

  • Severe psychological dependence
  • Moderate potential for dependence
  • High potential for abuse
  • Low potential for abuse (correct)

    • Which drug is an example of a Schedule 5 substance?

    <p>Robitussin AC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding Schedule 1 drugs?

    <p>They are considered to have no accepted medical use in the U.S.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pain is characterized by localized sensations such as pinprick or sharp stabbing?

    <p>Somatic pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common example of visceral pain?

    <p>Kidney stone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are common adverse reactions associated with morphine use?

    <p>Respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication for ibuprofen use?

    <p>Active GI bleed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential nursing consideration when administering morphine to opioid naïve patients?

    <p>Start with a low dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum daily dose of ibuprofen for adults?

    <p>3200 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following opioids can cause respiratory depression and may require naloxone for reversal?

    <p>Hydromorphone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is considered the strongest opioid analgesic listed?

    <p>Fentanyl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key patient education should be emphasized for those taking opioids like morphine?

    <p>Store medication safely and prevent sharing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should naloxone be prepared for administration in cases of opioid overdose?

    <p>Diluted in 10 mL of normal saline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs includes substances recognized for having a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use?

    <p>Schedule I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a well-known adverse reaction associated with ibuprofen?

    <p>GI bleed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pain is typically described with sensations of burning or tingling?

    <p>Neuropathic pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary beneficial effect of inhibiting COX 2?

    <p>Promotion of vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is a contraindication for the use of first generation NSAIDs?

    <p>Active GI bleed or ulcer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect of both first and second generation NSAIDs?

    <p>Gastrointestinal bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nursing consideration is crucial when administering high doses of first generation NSAIDs?

    <p>Hydrate well prior to administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation should COX 2 inhibitors be used with caution due to cardiovascular risk?

    <p>Management of chronic pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing consideration when prescribing acetaminophen?

    <p>Evaluate liver function prior to therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is NOT a side effect of COX 2 inhibitors?

    <p>Gastric ulcer risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse reaction is specifically associated with high doses of first generation NSAIDs?

    <p>Intraventricular hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication for acetaminophen use?

    <p>Severe hepatic impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of acetaminophen, especially in children?

    <p>Agitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the use of NSAIDs and acetaminophen concurrently affect renal function?

    <p>It enhances renal effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drug interactions should be avoided with acetaminophen due to the risk of increased adverse effects?

    <p>Other hepatotoxic substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum duration for which adults can safely use acetaminophen?

    <p>10 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about acetaminophen is correct?

    <p>It lacks anti-inflammatory effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective antidote for acetaminophen overdose when given within 8 hours?

    <p>N-acetylcysteine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an indication for the use of acetaminophen?

    <p>Inflammation treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pain Medication Differentiation

    • Pain is categorized as somatic, visceral, or neuropathic
    • Somatic pain: localized, sharp, pinprick, stabbing. A-delta fibers. Examples include periosteum, joints, muscles, lacerations, burns, and IM injections.
    • Visceral pain: generalized, aching, pressure, or sharp. C fiber activity. Examples include colic pain, appendicitis, kidney stones.
    • Neuropathic pain: radiating or specific, burning, prickling, tingling, electric-like sensations. Can be dermatomal or non-dermatomal. Examples include trigeminal neuralgia, avulsion neuralgia, peripheral neuropathy.

    Ibuprofen Contraindications and Adverse Reactions

    • Contraindications: hypersensitivity, active GI bleed/ulcer, CABG surgery, history of MI, severe heart failure, avoid after 30 weeks of pregnancy
    • Adverse reactions: GI bleed (less risk compared to aspirin), cardiovascular events (heart failure, stroke, MI), Stevens-Johnson syndrome, constipation, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, headache, and renal failure.
    • Patient teaching: Do not exceed 3200 mg/day for adults, maximum dose for children is 2.4 g/day. Monitor for GI bleeding and symptoms.

    Opioid Analgesics

    • Strongest to weakest (descending): fentanyl, buprenorphine, levorphanol, oxymorphone, hydromorphone, phenazocine, methadone, oxycodone, morphine, hydrocodone, tapentadol, dihydrocodeine, tramadol, codeine.

    DEA Drug Schedules

    • Schedule 1: Drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. Examples include heroin, LSD, marijuana, ecstasy, methaqualone, and peyote.
    • Schedule 2: Drugs with a high potential for abuse, potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence. Examples include hydrocodone combination products, cocaine, methamphetamine, methadone, hydromorphone, fentanyl, dexedrine, adderall, and ritalin.
    • Schedule 3: Drugs with a moderate to low potential for physical and psychological dependence, Examples include products with less than 90 milligrams of codeine, ketamine.
    • Schedule 4: Drugs with a low potential for abuse and low risk of dependence. Examples include xanax, soma, darvon, darvocet, valium, ativan, talwin, and ambien.
    • Schedule 5: Drugs with lower potential for abuse than schedule 4 and consist of preparations with limited quantities of certain narcotics for antidiarrheal, antitussive, and analgesic purposes. Examples are cough preparations with less than 200 milligrams of codeine per 100 milliliters and codeine-containing medications.

    Opioid Adverse Reactions and Nursing Considerations

    • Adverse reactions: hypotension, constipation, sedation, flushing, itching, urinary retention, dizziness, miosis, cough suppression, and respiratory depression.
    • Nursing considerations: Start low doses for patients naïve to opioids, assess pain regularly, monitor vital signs, watch out for respiratory issues.
    • Teaching: correct storage and disposal methods, education about potential side effects

    COX-1 vs COX-2 Inhibitors

    • COX-1: "Good COX", found in all tissues. Protects gastric mucosa, supports renal function, and promotes platelet aggregation
    • COX-2: "Bad COX", is mainly produced at the site of tissue damage, responsible for inflammation, pain, and fever.
    • 1st generation NSAIDS: Inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2.
    • 2nd generation NSAIDS: Primarily inhibits COX-2, less likely to cause gastric issues.
    • Acetaminophen: does not inhibit COX and is used for fever and pain relief.

    Acetaminophen Overdose

    • Antidote: N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
    • Effectiveness: Most effective when given within 8 hours of overdose.

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    Related Documents

    Pain Management Medications PDF

    Description

    This quiz delves into the differentiation of pain types: somatic, visceral, and neuropathic. It also covers the contraindications and adverse reactions associated with ibuprofen, providing a comprehensive understanding for medical professionals and students.

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