Pain and Analgesics
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Questions and Answers

Which type of pain is usually acute in nature and is a very common important symptom for which the patient seeks urgent medical attention?

  • Nociceptive pain (correct)
  • Mixed pain
  • Psychogenic pain
  • Neuropathic pain
  • Which type of COX is induced in the presence of injury and inflammation?

  • COX-3
  • COX-1
  • COX-2 (correct)
  • COX-4
  • Which analgesic relieves pain as a symptom without affecting its cause?

  • Adjuvant analgesic
  • Opioid analgesic
  • Antipyretic
  • Non-opioid analgesic (correct)
  • Which drug selectively relieves pain by acting in the CNS or on peripheral pain mechanisms, without significantly altering consciousness?

    <p>Analgesic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the exception among non-selective NSAIDs because it leads to irreversible COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition?

    <p>Aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) in terms of platelet aggregation?

    <p>Irreversible COX-1 inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the onset of antiplatelet action of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the effects of low dose aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)?

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of ibuprofen?

    <p>Reversible inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which analgesic drug attaches an acetyl group to COX leading to irreversible COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition?

    <p>Aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary protective nature of pain (algesia)?

    <p>To alert the body of imminent danger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pain is traumatic, acute in nature, and commonly leads patients to seek urgent medical attention?

    <p>Acute nociceptive pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of low-dose aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) on platelet aggregation?

    <p>Irreversible inhibition of TXA2 synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is a normal constituent in the gastric mucosa, kidney, and platelets for homeostasis?

    <p>COX-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of non-selective NSAIDs like diclofenac and indomethacin?

    <p>Reversible inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for using analgesics when the noxious stimulus (evoking pain) cannot be removed?

    <p>To act as an adjuvant to etiologic approach to pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) on prostacyclin and prostaglandin synthesis?

    <p>Irreversible inhibition of both prostacyclin and prostaglandin synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of COX-2 in the body?

    <p>Selective induction in the presence of injury and inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter system imbalance is associated with Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Dopamine/Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary neurotransmitter targeted by antiepileptic drugs such as lamotrigine and topiramate?

    <p>Glutamate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter imbalance is primarily implicated in schizophrenia?

    <p>Dopamine/GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is primarily used to reduce dopaminergic overactivity in conditions like schizophrenia?

    <p>Antipsychotic drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter system imbalance is associated with myasthenia gravis?

    <p>Serotonin/Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is implicated in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology?

    <p>Acetylcholine (ACh)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which therapeutic approach may slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter imbalance is thought to be involved in anxiety?

    <p>Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter imbalance may be a factor in depression?

    <p>Glutamate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter imbalance is associated with mania?

    <p>Dopamine (DA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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