Pain and Analgesics

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Which type of pain is usually acute in nature and is a very common important symptom for which the patient seeks urgent medical attention?

Nociceptive pain (correct)

Mixed pain

Psychogenic pain

Neuropathic pain

Which type of COX is induced in the presence of injury and inflammation?

COX-3

COX-1

COX-2 (correct)

COX-4

Which analgesic relieves pain as a symptom without affecting its cause?

Adjuvant analgesic

Opioid analgesic

Antipyretic

Non-opioid analgesic (correct)

Which drug selectively relieves pain by acting in the CNS or on peripheral pain mechanisms, without significantly altering consciousness?

Analgesic Signup and view all the answers

What is the exception among non-selective NSAIDs because it leads to irreversible COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition?

Aspirin Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) in terms of platelet aggregation?

Irreversible COX-1 inhibition Signup and view all the answers

What is the onset of antiplatelet action of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)?

7 Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of low dose aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)?

10 Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of ibuprofen?

Reversible inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which analgesic drug attaches an acetyl group to COX leading to irreversible COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition?

Aspirin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary protective nature of pain (algesia)?

To alert the body of imminent danger Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pain is traumatic, acute in nature, and commonly leads patients to seek urgent medical attention?

Acute nociceptive pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of low-dose aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) on platelet aggregation?

Irreversible inhibition of TXA2 synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is a normal constituent in the gastric mucosa, kidney, and platelets for homeostasis?

COX-1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of non-selective NSAIDs like diclofenac and indomethacin?

Reversible inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for using analgesics when the noxious stimulus (evoking pain) cannot be removed?

To act as an adjuvant to etiologic approach to pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) on prostacyclin and prostaglandin synthesis?

Irreversible inhibition of both prostacyclin and prostaglandin synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of COX-2 in the body?

Selective induction in the presence of injury and inflammation Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter system imbalance is associated with Parkinson's disease?

Dopamine/Acetylcholine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary neurotransmitter targeted by antiepileptic drugs such as lamotrigine and topiramate?

Glutamate Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter imbalance is primarily implicated in schizophrenia?

Dopamine/GABA Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs is primarily used to reduce dopaminergic overactivity in conditions like schizophrenia?

Antipsychotic drugs Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter system imbalance is associated with myasthenia gravis?

Serotonin/Acetylcholine Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is implicated in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology?

Acetylcholine (ACh) Signup and view all the answers

Which therapeutic approach may slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease?

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists Signup and view all the answers