Padarth - Chemical Substances

Padarth - Chemical Substances

Padarth is a Sanskrit term used to describe various chemical entities or substances. These can range from simple compounds like water (जल) and air (वायु), complex elements found in nature like bacteria (गणेशोत्तम) and minerals (भीषण), to manmade materials such as metals (धातु) and plastics (घटा). Each padarth has its own set of properties, characteristics, uses, and effects on living organisms.

Chemical substances include pure elements, compounds made of two or more elements, mixtures of different substances, and suspensions which consist of particles dispersed in another substance. They can also refer to alloys, salts, acids, bases, gases, liquids, solids, and many other forms of matter that make up our world. All these distinct types serve unique functions and form part of everyday life.

For instance, table salt (चक्कार नमक), sugar (शर्कारा), mustard oil (कंजरखेल तेल), sesame oil (एंडू तेल), coconut oil (अनन्को तेल), and soybean oil (बिन्दुमौके तेल) are some common edible oils derived from plants. These substances have specific compositions that give them their distinctive qualities and uses. Similarly, sodium carbonate (नैमूनियं), sodium bicarbonate (अकोनियं), potassium carbonate (उत्तमायं), ammonia (आमिनियं), aluminum sulfide (इलुमिनियं), calcium oxalate (येडमियं), magnesium hydroxide (मंगनियं), zinc hydroxide (पलिमियं), lead hydroxide (सलामियं), iron alkoxide (ईरनियं), copper chlorates (तामरिणियं), silver nitrate (अर्जुनायं), gold cyanides (सुन्दरिणियं), nickel phosphorus (पिझ्ठियं), cobalt arsenates (गेधेलीयं), chromium fluorides (बिन्दुमौकेयं), titanium silicates (अष्टामौकेयं), silicon carbides (सिलिकं कर्बियं), boraxes (बोराकं), and borates (बोरायं) are examples of chemicals extracted from rocks, seaweed, and coal.

These substances play vital roles in daily life through their diverse applications, including cooking, cleaning, medicines, construction materials, fuel sources, and so forth. Understanding their nature and behavior helps us utilize them effectively while minimizing any potential harm they might cause to ourselves or our environment.