Sterile Compounding and Aseptic Techniques

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Questions and Answers

Match the terms

pH = a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution hypertonic = when a solution has a greater osmolarity than that of blood hypotonic = when a solution has a less osmolarity than that of blood isotonic = when a solution has an osmolarity equivalent to that of blood

Match the terms

osmotic pressure = a characteristic of a solution determined by the number of dissolved particles in it pyrogens = chemicals produced by microorganisms that can cause pyretic reactions (fever) in patients additive = a drug that is added to a parenteral solution admixture = the resulting solution when a drug is added to a parenteral solution

Match the terms

diluent = a solvent that dissolves a lyophilized powder or dilutes a solution lyophilized = freeze-dried ready to mix = a specially designed minibag by which a drug is put into the SVP just prior to administration dialysis = movement of particles in a solution through permeable membranes

Match the terms

irrigation solution = a large volume splash solution used during a surgical or urologic procedures to bathe and moisten body tissues osmosis = the action in which a drug in a higher concentration solution passes through a permeable membrane to a lower concentration solution peritoneal dialysis solution = a solution placed in and emptied from the peritoneal cavity to remove toxic substances total nutrient admixture (TNA) solution = a TPN solution that contains intravenous fat emulsion Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms

total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution = a complex solution with two base solutions (amino acids and dextrose) and additional micronutrients flashball = a flexible rubber bulb near the needle adapter used to determine if the needle is properly placed in the vein flow rate = the rate at which solution is administered to the patient heparin lock = an administration device used when a primary LVP solution is not available Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms

piggyback = small volume solutions connected to an LVP HEPA filter = a high efficiency particulate air filter horizontal airflow workstation = a laminar flow workstation with horizontal airflow across the work area laminar flow = continuous movement at a uniform rate in one direction Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms

Primary and Secondary Engineering Controls (PECs, SECs) = a device or room that provides appropriate air quality when compounding CSPs vertical airflow workstation = a laminar flow workstation with vertical airflow across the work area zone of turbulence = an area of blocked airflow in a laminar airflow workstation coring = when a needle damages the rubber closure of a parenteral container causing fragments of the closure to fall into the container and contaminate its contents Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms

ampules = sealed glass containers with an elongated neck that must be snapped off before use bevel = an angled surface at the tip of a needle gauge = a measurement with needles; the higher the gauge, the smaller the lumen hub = the part of the needle that attaches to the syringe Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms

lumen = the hollow enter of a needle shaft = the stem of the needle that provides the overall length of the needle Slip Tip, Luer-Lok, eccentric, oral = different types of syringe tips sharps = needles, jagged glass or metal objects, or any items that might puncture or cut the skin Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms

depth filter = a filter that can filter solutions being drawn into or expelled from a syringe, but not both ways in the same procedure final filter = a filter placed immediately before a solution enters a patient's vein membrane filter = a filter that filters solution as the solution is expelled from the syringe nonviable particles = environmental or personnel particles that do not have microbial contamination associated with them Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms

viable particles = particles that have microbial contamination associated with them anhydrous = without water molecules equivalent weight = a drug's molecular weight divided by its valence; a common measure of electrolyte concentration ions = molecular particles that carry electric charges Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms

valence = the number of positive or negative charges on an ion waters of hydration = water molecules that attach to drug molecules a = b c = d Signup and view all the answers

What does "sterile" mean with regard to an intravenous solution

It is free from bacteria (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following agencies/organizations is responsible for setting standards for compounding practice?

The United States Pharmacopeia (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a small volume parenteral (SVP)

Multivitamins, two 5 mL vials (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of an administration set is used to set the flow rate

volume control chamber (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which must be used to create and maintain a low-particle environment

ISO Class 5 laminar airflow workstation (A) Signup and view all the answers

An LVP plastic bag has a protective covering to keep ______ from the bag

dust (C) Signup and view all the answers

Air is generally injected into a vial before a volume of solution is removed to

help withdraw the solution by pressurizing the vial (C) Signup and view all the answers

A lyophilized drug packaged in a vial is added to an LVP solution by

reconstituting the lyophilized drug in the vial and adding it to the LVP (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which is a false statement about ampules

only prescored ampules can be used (A) Signup and view all the answers

Coring

can be prevented by initially angling the needle and moving upright when entering the vial (B) Signup and view all the answers

To ensure that a syringe and needle will deliver a correct volume of liquid

fill the syringe, hub, and needle with liquid and remove all air bubbles. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Filter needles should be used when

withdrawing solution from an ampule (A) Signup and view all the answers

Visual inspection of parenteral solutions can show the presence of _ and ______

particle contamination, precipitation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Cleaning must be performed before disinfection. What percentage of bacteria can be removed from surfaces by dry cleaning?

90% (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which concentration term used with parenteral solutions does not use the drug's molecular weight to determine its value

Percentage weight per volume (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not true when performing an aseptic technique

the LAFW is only cleaned at the beginning and end of a shift (D) Signup and view all the answers

A nurse prepares a compounded sterile preparation on a counter in the ER's nursing station. Which category should apply when assigning a beyond-use date for this preparation?

immediate use (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which is the correct definition of a disinfectant?

an agent that removes or destroys vegetative forms of microorganisms on a surface (C) Signup and view all the answers

Considerations in determining the stability of compounded preparations include all of the following except

the time of day when the preparation is prepared (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding the use of LAFW

no work should be done within 6 inches of the front of the workstation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Routine infection control should include

all of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

All of the following are reasons to give medications by the IV route except

some medications cause pain at the injection site (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not appropriate for clean room attire

jewelry on the hands or wrists (B) Signup and view all the answers

Compounding of CSPs is to occur in an ISO Class 5 environment. Which PEC can provide such an air quality environment?

all of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

When garbing to compound CSPs, which is the first step you should take?

Put on shoe covers and hair bonnet (B) Signup and view all the answers

Pyrogens are chemicals that are produced by

microorganisms (B) Signup and view all the answers

A (an) _______ solution has lower osmolarity than blood

hypotonic (C) Signup and view all the answers

Minibags usually contain ______ of fluid and are infused over a period of 30-60 minutes

25-100 mL (A) Signup and view all the answers

When a drug is added to a parenteral solution, the drug is referred to as the and the final mixture is referred to as the ___

additive; admixture (C) Signup and view all the answers

The type of compounding isolator that provides protection for the worker

compounding aseptic containment isolator (B) Signup and view all the answers

_______ is the part of the needle that attaches to the syringe

the hub (D) Signup and view all the answers

______ are filters that can be placed inside of needles

filter needles (B) Signup and view all the answers

In horizontal laminar flow hoods, air blows

toward the operator (C) Signup and view all the answers

Biological safety cabinets have

vertical air low down toward the work (A) Signup and view all the answers

When positioning supplies for use in a laminar flow hood

small supplies should be placed closer to the HEPA filter (B) Signup and view all the answers

Sharps containers should be disposed of when ____ full

3/4 (D) Signup and view all the answers

If an ampule has not been prescored, the technician should

score the neck of the ampule with a fine file (A) Signup and view all the answers

If 500 mg of a drug are added to a 1000 mL IV bag, what is the percent strength of the resulting solution

0.05% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular weight of CaCl2 if the atomic weight of Ca is 40.08 and the atomic weight of Cl is 35.43

110.94 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the valence of KCl

1 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the weight of one osmole of KCl? (molecular weight = 74.6)

37.3 g (C) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sterile IV solution?

Free from bacteria.

Compounding Standards?

The United States Pharmacopeia sets standards for compounding practice.