1.4 Emancipation of the Serfs

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Questions and Answers

What title was Alexander II associated with due to his reform?

  • Tsar Innovator
  • Tsar Reformer
  • Tsar Protector
  • Tsar Liberator (correct)

What main problem did the system of serfdom face in 1855?

  • It failed to provide adequate income for the nobility. (correct)
  • It supported increased agricultural productivity.
  • It ensured economic stability.
  • It enhanced the power of the serfs.

What percentage of private serfs were mortgaged to the state by 1860?

  • 50 percent
  • 40 percent
  • 60 percent (correct)
  • 70 percent

What key issue faced the Russian state due to serfdom?

<p>Lack of food due to poor productivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of peasants was bound to the land and could not leave it without permission?

<p>Serfs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Between 1845 and 1854, how many outbreaks of peasant disobedience were recorded?

<p>348 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the reasons Alexander II sought reform of the serfdom system?

<p>To enhance economic and industrial performance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How were state peasants different from serfs?

<p>State peasants had varying degrees of freedom compared to serfs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant criticism of the Emancipation Decree articulated by Richard Pipes?

<p>It was too cautious and insufficient. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Alexander II hesitate to destroy the nobility during the Emancipation of the Serfs?

<p>He wanted them as a source of stability. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What financial burden did the Emancipation of the Serfs impose on the peasants?

<p>Heavy redemption payments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which institution was allowed to manage the peasants' affairs post-emancipation?

<p>Village communes known as the mir. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What underlying belief influenced Alexander II's resistance to liberal reforms?

<p>He believed he ruled with divine right. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one potential consequence of more radical reforms according to the content?

<p>The collapse of the Russian state into chaos. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor was suggested as a significant block to progress after emancipation?

<p>The continuity of the mir and lack of civil rights. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary aim of Alexander II concerning the Emancipation of the Serfs?

<p>To maintain control and stabilize Russia. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary role of the mir in the lives of serfs?

<p>To manage local decisions about land use and distribution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the reasons why serfs did not rebel significantly before 1855?

<p>They were focused on immediate survival rather than political change (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What change did Alexander propose to the nobility?

<p>To implement reforms regarding serfdom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the two categories of proposals examined by the drafting commissions?

<p>Supportive of reform and opposed to reform (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How were serfs categorized under the feudal system?

<p>By their payment method: rent or labor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influence did the noble have over the serfs?

<p>Control over familial arrangements and labor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the short summer in Russia lead to for the serfs?

<p>Intensive bursts of labor during limited time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a common perception of the mir among serfs despite its restrictions?

<p>A blessing that fostered collective identity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was appointed to oversee the drafting commissions for emancipation proposals?

<p>A conservative friend of the Tsar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main functions of the head of the family within a serf household?

<p>To represent familial views at the mir (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the Emancipation Decree published in February 1861?

<p>A long and complex outline of land rights (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the conditions of serfs change regarding land ownership after 1837?

<p>They could own land but with heavy taxation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way did the serfs perceive their problems during the feudal system?

<p>As linked directly to their local landlords (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the major requirements laid down by the edict regarding land ownership for freed serfs?

<p>Peasants had to pay for the land they received. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the peasants react negatively to the Emancipation Decree?

<p>They felt they were being cheated into paying for land they already farmed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the duration of the redemption payments that peasants had to make?

<p>49 years at 6% interest. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the mir in the administration of land post-emancipation?

<p>The mir governed land sales and held authority over land distribution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the population change from 1858 to 1897?

<p>It grew from 68 million to 125 million. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact did the Emancipation Decree have on the nobility's land ownership by 1905?

<p>They sold one-third of their land from 1861 levels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were peasants required to pay as part of the land acquisition process?

<p>A 20% initial payment and subsequent payments for 49 years. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one consequence of the inflated land values for the peasants?

<p>Peasants often failed to pay back the redemption payments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason behind the introduction of the Emancipation Decree?

<p>To strengthen the Russian state economically and militarily. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

By the end of the 19th century, what was the impact of agricultural productivity in Russia compared to Japan?

<p>Russia saw minimal productivity increase compared to Japan's double. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What system remained prevalent despite the Emancipation of the Serfs?

<p>The three-field strip farming system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a notable outcome regarding the economic development in Russia after the Emancipation?

<p>The agricultural sector was drained of resources for industrial growth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the overarching impact of the Emancipation Decree on societal tensions in Russia?

<p>It introduced new tensions without solving previous issues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened to the amount of land owned by former serfs after emancipation?

<p>It fell by between 5%-25% according to new divisions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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