16 Questions
What is the main function of p53?
To control the integrity and correctness of all processes in each individual cell and in the organism as a whole.
What are the members of the p53 family?
p53, p63, and p73.
How does p53 respond to DNA damage?
It can activate DNA repair proteins, induce growth arrest, or initiate apoptosis if DNA damage proves to be irreparable.
What percentage of human cancers are associated with p53 mutations?
Up to 50%.
What type of protein is p53?
Tumor suppressor protein.
How does p53 act on the cell cycle control?
As a transcription factor that activates and represses a growing number of target genes implicated in cell cycle control.
What is p53 known as due to its ability to protect the cell by responding to cellular insults?
Guardian of the genome
What are the three domains that p63 and p73 share with p53?
Transactivation domain, DNA binding domain, and oligomerization domain
What is the p53 family members' role in some viruses' life cycles and cellular transformation?
Play different roles
What are the cellular stress signals that appear to activate p53?
UV, Ƴ-irradiation, genotoxic drugs, nutrition deprivation, heat or cold shock
What is the product of a p53-activated gene that leads to upregulation of MDM-2?
MDM-2
What is the role of MDM-2 in response to p53 activation?
Binds to p53 and acts as an E-3 ubiquitin ligase that adds ubiquitin to p53 and results in its degradation
What is the role of MDM-X in relation to MDM-2?
Can oligomerize with MDM-2, which leads to stabilization of MDM-2 and accelerated degradation
What are the stress signals that cause DNA damage, hypoxia, nitric oxide signaling, and oncogene activation in a cell?
UV, gamma irradiation, genotoxic drugs
What is the protein kinase activated after UV irradiation that affects the p53 response?
ATR kinase CHK1
What is the role of ATM protein kinase CHK2 in response to DNA damage?
Activated in response to DNA damage
Test your knowledge about the p53 tumor suppressor protein, its role as a transcription factor, and its significance in tumor-igenic processes. Explore the mechanisms and mutations associated with p53 in human cancers.
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