Oxytocin Hormone and its Functions

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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate percentage of exocrine cells in the pancreas that are arranged in clusters?

50%

99% (correct)

75%

100%

What is the main function of the acini in the pancreas?

Producing hormones

Producing digestive enzymes (correct)

Storing bile

Regulating blood sugar levels

What is the route through which digestive enzymes from the pancreas flow into the gastrointestinal tract?

Blood vessels

A network of ducts (correct)

Nerve fibers

Lymphatic vessels

What type of cells are arranged in clusters called acini in the pancreas?

Exocrine cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the location where digestive enzymes from the pancreas ultimately flow into?

Gastrointestinal tract Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment option for prolactinomas?

Dopamine agonists Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of dopamine agonists on prolactin levels?

Decrease prolactin levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of dopamine agonist treatment on prolactinomas?

Tumor shrinkage Signup and view all the answers

Why are dopamine agonists used to treat prolactinomas?

To normalize prolactin levels and lead to tumor shrinkage Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using dopamine agonists as a treatment for prolactinomas?

Normalization of prolactin levels and tumor shrinkage Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of oxytocin in the pregnant uterus?

Stimulation of contraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hormone that stimulates contraction of the pregnant uterus?

Oxytocin Signup and view all the answers

What is another action of oxytocin besides stimulating contraction of the pregnant uterus?

Milk ejection Signup and view all the answers

When does oxytocin have a significant impact on the pregnant uterus?

Toward the end of gestation Signup and view all the answers

What is the etymology of the name 'oxytocin'?

From the Greek words for 'quick birth' Signup and view all the answers

What are the two functions of the ovaries?

Oogenesis and secretion of female sex steroid hormones Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormones do they synthesize?

Androgens Signup and view all the answers

What connect the ovaries to the uterus?

Ligaments and lymphatic vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the major mineralocorticoid?

Aldosterone Signup and view all the answers

What are the two female sex steroid hormones secreted by the ovaries?

Estrogen and progesterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the hormones they synthesize?

Masculinizing effects Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are involved in the synthesis of estrogen and progesterone?

Granulosa cells and theca cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the root of the word 'androgens'?

andr- meaning man Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the granulosa cells?

Support of the follicle Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormone is aldosterone?

Mineralocorticoid Signup and view all the answers

What is the biosynthetic pathway of estrogen and progesterone similar to?

The pathway of the adrenal cortex and the testes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ovarian arteries?

To supply oxygen and nutrients to the ovary Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the theca cells?

To support the development of the follicle Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Oxytocin

Stimulates contraction of the pregnant uterus, especially towards the end of gestation
Involved in milk ejection

Pancreas

99% of exocrine cells are arranged in clusters called acini
Acini produce digestive enzymes, which flow into the gastrointestinal tract through a network of ducts

Ovaries

Have two functions: oogenesis and secretion of female sex steroid hormones
Produce progesterone and estrogen
Attached to the uterus by ligaments, which contain ovarian arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels, and nerves

Estrogen and Progesterone Synthesis

Synthesized by ovarian follicles through the combined functions of granulosa cells and theca cells
Biosynthetic pathway is similar to that of the adrenal cortex and the testes

Mineralocorticoids

Aldosterone is the major mineralocorticoid

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Description

Learn about the role of oxytocin in stimulating uterine contractions and its other functions, including milk ejection.