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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of erythropoietin?
What is the primary function of erythropoietin?
- To control platelet production in the spleen
- To stimulate red blood cell production in the bone marrow (correct)
- To regulate white blood cell count in the bloodstream
- To modulate plasma protein synthesis in the liver
How are reticulocytes used as a diagnostic tool?
How are reticulocytes used as a diagnostic tool?
- To monitor response to erythropoietin therapy (correct)
- To evaluate iron deficiency anemia
- To measure liver function in hepatitis
- To assess bone density in osteoporosis
What is the primary method of O2 transport in the blood?
What is the primary method of O2 transport in the blood?
- Dissolved in plasma
- Bound to albumin
- Transported by white blood cells
- Carried by hemoglobin (correct)
What is the main function of bilirubin in the body?
What is the main function of bilirubin in the body?
What causes the shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?
What causes the shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?
What is the primary site of red blood cell (RBC) production in adults?
What is the primary site of red blood cell (RBC) production in adults?
What is the structure of hemoglobin (Hb) in adults?
What is the structure of hemoglobin (Hb) in adults?
How does fetal hemoglobin (HbF) differ from adult hemoglobin (HbA)?
How does fetal hemoglobin (HbF) differ from adult hemoglobin (HbA)?
What is the primary method of carbon dioxide (CO2) transport in the blood?
What is the primary method of carbon dioxide (CO2) transport in the blood?
What is the main cause of jaundice in newborns?
What is the main cause of jaundice in newborns?
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Study Notes
Erythropoietin
- Primary function: Stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow
Reticulocytes
- Used as a diagnostic tool to evaluate the bone marrow's response to anemia
- High reticulocyte count indicates an adequate response to anemia
Oxygen Transport
- Primary method of O2 transport in the blood: Bound to hemoglobin (Hb) in red blood cells
- Hemoglobin binds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it in the tissues
Bilirubin
- Main function: Breakdown product of hemoglobin, removed from the body through the liver and excreted into bile
Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve
- Shift to the right caused by: Increased temperature, increased CO2, and decreased pH
- Shift to the right increases oxygen delivery to tissues
Red Blood Cell Production
- Primary site of RBC production in adults: Bone marrow
Hemoglobin Structure
- Structure of hemoglobin (Hb) in adults: Tetramer composed of two alpha and two beta subunits
Fetal Hemoglobin
- Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) differs from adult hemoglobin (HbA) in: Higher affinity for oxygen, allowing for more efficient oxygen delivery to the fetus
- HbF has a higher affinity for oxygen due to a higher affinity for 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG)
Carbon Dioxide Transport
- Primary method of CO2 transport in the blood: Carried as bicarbonate ions in the plasma
Jaundice in Newborns
- Main cause of jaundice in newborns: Physiological jaundice, a normal response to the breakdown of fetal hemoglobin after birth
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