3.1 Levitzky Ch 6

Which gas has the fastest equilibration between alveolar partial pressure and partial pressure in blood?

What factor limits the diffusion of carbon monoxide from the alveolus to the pulmonary capillary blood?

Why does the partial pressure of carbon monoxide in the pulmonary capillary blood not match that of the alveoli?

Why is carbon monoxide transfer considered diffusion-limited rather than perfusion-limited?

At resting cardiac outputs, how long does blood typically spend in a pulmonary capillary?

What contributes to the decrease in velocity of bulk flow as air approaches the alveoli during inspiration?

How does oxygen primarily move through the alveoli according to its partial pressure gradient?

According to Henry's law, what determines the amount of a gas absorbed by a liquid with which it does not chemically combine?

What determines the rate of diffusion of gas through the alveolar-capillary barrier according to Fick's law for diffusion?

How does an increase in capillaries recruited during exercise impact the surface area available for diffusion?

What factor can increase the transfer of nitrous oxide from a particular alveolus to its pulmonary capillary?

At what point does oxygen transfer from alveolus to pulmonary capillary become perfusion-limited?

What happens to the partial pressure gradient across the alveolar-capillary membrane when oxygen is chemically bound to hemoglobin?

What effect does exercise have on the time blood spends in the pulmonary capillary?

How does increasing cardiac output affect nitrous oxide transfer in pulmonary capillaries?

What is the relationship between solubility and diffusion through the alveolar-capillary barrier?

According to Graham's law, what is the relative rate of diffusion of two gases inversely proportional to?

Which factor is NOT a component that limits the movement of a gas through the alveolar-capillary barrier according to Fick's law for diffusion?

Why is the partial pressure gradient of a gas across the barrier considered a major determinant of its rate of diffusion?

What is the main difference between gas movement by diffusion and gas movement through conducting airways?

Why does gas transfer during diffusion depend on temperature?

How does gas transfer occur in a static situation?

Why does the net movement of gas during diffusion depend on the partial pressure difference?

How does Fick's Law describe oxygen transfer into the alveoli?

What contributes to the increased total oxygen transfer during exercise?

When might a person experience diffusion limitation of oxygen transfer?

What sets the upper limit for the end-capillary blood PO2?

In a normal person, why is carbon dioxide transfer typically perfusion-limited?

What is the diffusing capacity of the lung?

What does the diffusing capacity of the lung depend on?

Why is carbon monoxide most frequently used in determinations of the diffusing capacity?

What happens to the DLCO in conditions causing interstitial or alveolar fibrosis?

Which conditions lead to a decrease in the surface area available for diffusion?

What happens to the DLCO in conditions leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatch?

What does DM represent in determining the diffusing capacity of the lung?

The diffusing capacity of the lung is solely determined by the diffusing capacity of the membrane, DM.

Carbon monoxide diffusion is considered perfusion-limited rather than diffusion-limited.

The DLCO decreases in conditions associated with decreased surface area available for diffusion, such as emphysema.

Ventilation-perfusion mismatch can lead to an increase in the surface area available for diffusion.