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Questions and Answers
What is an Obligate Aerobe?
What is an Obligate Aerobe?
Give an example of an Obligate Aerobe.
Give an example of an Obligate Aerobe.
Mycobacterium smegmatis, Aspergillus niger, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus megaterium
What characterizes a Microaerophile?
What characterizes a Microaerophile?
Provide an example of a Microaerophile.
Provide an example of a Microaerophile.
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What is true about Facultative organisms?
What is true about Facultative organisms?
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Name a type of organism that is Facultative.
Name a type of organism that is Facultative.
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Aerotolerant organisms can metabolize using O2.
Aerotolerant organisms can metabolize using O2.
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Give an example of an Aerotolerant organism.
Give an example of an Aerotolerant organism.
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What defines an Obligate Anaerobe?
What defines an Obligate Anaerobe?
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Provide an example of an Obligate Anaerobe.
Provide an example of an Obligate Anaerobe.
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Study Notes
Oxygen Classification
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Obligate Aerobes
- Require oxygen (O2) as the final electron acceptor in respiration.
- Capable of detoxifying toxic oxygen forms.
- Thrive in atmospheric oxygen levels around 20%.
- Examples include Mycobacterium smegmatis, Aspergillus niger, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus megaterium.
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Microaerophiles
- Depend on O2 for respiration, using it as the final electron acceptor.
- Possess a limited capacity to neutralize toxic forms of oxygen.
- Prefer low oxygen levels typically between 2-10%.
- A notable example is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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Facultative Anaerobes
- Utilize O2 as the final electron acceptor when available but can switch to anaerobic pathways in its absence.
- Able to use alternative electron acceptors or ferment organic materials to generate energy.
- Can detoxify toxic oxygen forms.
- Adaptable to both aerobic and anaerobic environments, though they grow more efficiently in aerobic conditions.
- Examples include Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus xylosus.
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Aerotolerant Anaerobes
- Do not utilize O2 as an electron acceptor; metabolism is strictly anaerobic.
- Can detoxify some toxic forms of oxygen.
- Capable of surviving in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
- An example is Enterococcus faecalis.
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Obligate Anaerobes
- Never use O2 as the final electron acceptor; strictly anaerobic metabolism.
- Incapable of detoxifying harmful oxygen forms.
- Exist exclusively in anaerobic environments.
- A known example is Clostridium sporogenes.
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Test your knowledge on oxygen classifications with these flashcards. Each card provides essential definitions and examples related to obligate aerobes. Perfect for biology students and anyone interested in microbiology.
