17 Questions
What is the term used to describe an organism that must live inside the cells of another organism to survive?
Obligate pathogen
Which bacterium is known as the agent of Q fever?
Coxiella burnetii
What is the compartment within macrophages where Coxiella burnetii replicates called?
Phagolysosome
Which defense mechanism involves the delivery of cytosolic content, organelles, and pathogens to lysosomes?
Autophagy
What is the initial site of action for Tetanus toxin (TeNT) at the neuromuscular junction?
Inhibitory presynaptic terminals
Which protein is destroyed by Tetanus toxin, leading to inactivation of inhibitory neurotransmission?
VAMP (synaptobrevin)
What is the first symptom typically seen in tetanus infection?
Stiffness of the jaw (lockjaw)
Which exotoxin produced by S. aureus acts as a potent stimulator of the immune system?
Enterotoxin B
What is the mode-of-action of Enterotoxin B produced by S. aureus?
Binds directly to Vβ regions of T-cell receptors
What clinical symptoms can be caused by Enterotoxin B produced by S. aureus?
(Toxic) shock and hypotension
What is the main difference between endotoxins and exotoxins?
Endotoxins are soluble, while exotoxins are cell-associated
Which receptor in humans is responsible for binding to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in endotoxins?
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)
What is the mechanism of action of Diphtheria toxin (DT) produced by C.diphtheriae?
Inhibition of protein synthesis
How does Cholera toxin produced by V.cholerae lead to severe diarrhea?
By increasing cyclic AMP levels
Which family does Cholera toxin belong to?
Heat-labile enterotoxin family
What is the main mechanism of action of Hemolysin produced by UPEC?
Formation of transmembrane pores
Which bacterial species produces Diphtheria toxin, causing symptoms of diphtheria?
Clostridium diphtheriae
Explore the life cycle of obligate pathogens like Chlamydia and how Coxiella burnetii survives inside cells. Learn about the intracellular replication and immune evasion strategies of Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
