Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of oxidative phosphorylation?
What is the primary function of oxidative phosphorylation?
- To store energy in the form of fats
- To create a proton gradient to produce ATP (correct)
- To transport oxygen in the blood
- To break down glucose into pyruvate
Where are the complexes involved in electron transport located?
Where are the complexes involved in electron transport located?
- In the cytoplasm
- In the plasma membrane
- In the outer membrane of the mitochondria
- In the inner membrane of the mitochondria (correct)
What do the complexes in the electron transport chain take electrons from?
What do the complexes in the electron transport chain take electrons from?
- Molecules that come from food (correct)
- Water molecules
- Carbon dioxide molecules
- Oxygen molecules
What happens to electrons as they move from one protein complex to the next in the electron transport chain?
What happens to electrons as they move from one protein complex to the next in the electron transport chain?
What do protein complexes in the electron transport chain use energy from electrons for?
What do protein complexes in the electron transport chain use energy from electrons for?
What creates a proton gradient?
What creates a proton gradient?
What does a proton gradient power?
What does a proton gradient power?
What occurs at the end of the electron transport chain?
What occurs at the end of the electron transport chain?
What provides the energy to pump protons and create a gradient?
What provides the energy to pump protons and create a gradient?
What process is powered by the proton gradient apart from ATP synthesis?
What process is powered by the proton gradient apart from ATP synthesis?
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Study Notes
Electron Transport Chain
- Energy from moving electrons is used to create a proton gradient, which drives ATP production.
- Electrons transfer energy to a pump, creating a proton gradient used to produce ATP.
Electron Movement
- Electron transport complexes are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- These complexes take electrons from molecules derived from food.
Energy Transfer
- Electrons lose energy as they move from one protein complex to the next.
Proton Pumping
- Protein complexes use energy from electrons to pump protons (H+ ions) out of the mitochondria.
- Pumping protons out creates a high concentration of protons outside the inner membrane compared to inside.
Creating a Gradient
- A proton gradient is created by pumping protons out of the mitochondria.
ATP Production
- A proton gradient powers ATP synthase, a protein complex that produces ATP.
- Protons flow back into the mitochondria through ATP synthase, driving ATP production.
Water Formation
- At the end of the electron transport chain, electrons combine with oxygen and protons to form water.
Process Overview
- The process uses energy from oxidizing NADH and FADH2 to pump protons into a space, creating a gradient.
- This gradient powers ATP production as protons flow back into the mitochondria.
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