10 Questions
What is the primary function of oxidative phosphorylation?
To create a proton gradient to produce ATP
Where are the complexes involved in electron transport located?
In the inner membrane of the mitochondria
What do the complexes in the electron transport chain take electrons from?
Molecules that come from food
What happens to electrons as they move from one protein complex to the next in the electron transport chain?
They lose energy
What do protein complexes in the electron transport chain use energy from electrons for?
To pump protons (H+ ions) from inside the mitochondria
What creates a proton gradient?
Pumping protons out of the inner membrane
What does a proton gradient power?
ATP synthase
What occurs at the end of the electron transport chain?
Electrons combine with oxygen
What provides the energy to pump protons and create a gradient?
Oxidation of NADH and FADH2
What process is powered by the proton gradient apart from ATP synthesis?
Proton pumping into the inner membrane
Study Notes
Electron Transport Chain
- Energy from moving electrons is used to create a proton gradient, which drives ATP production.
- Electrons transfer energy to a pump, creating a proton gradient used to produce ATP.
Electron Movement
- Electron transport complexes are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- These complexes take electrons from molecules derived from food.
Energy Transfer
- Electrons lose energy as they move from one protein complex to the next.
Proton Pumping
- Protein complexes use energy from electrons to pump protons (H+ ions) out of the mitochondria.
- Pumping protons out creates a high concentration of protons outside the inner membrane compared to inside.
Creating a Gradient
- A proton gradient is created by pumping protons out of the mitochondria.
ATP Production
- A proton gradient powers ATP synthase, a protein complex that produces ATP.
- Protons flow back into the mitochondria through ATP synthase, driving ATP production.
Water Formation
- At the end of the electron transport chain, electrons combine with oxygen and protons to form water.
Process Overview
- The process uses energy from oxidizing NADH and FADH2 to pump protons into a space, creating a gradient.
- This gradient powers ATP production as protons flow back into the mitochondria.
Oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport chain, steps involved in creating ATP. Learn about the electron transport chain, electron movement and ATP production.
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