Alcohols and Oxidation Reactions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary use of methanol?

  • As a vitamin supplement
  • As a food preservative
  • As a main ingredient in alcoholic drinks
  • As a fuel (correct)

    • Ethanol is primarily used as a high-performance fuel.

    False

    What group is responsible for the properties of alcohols?

    hydroxyl group

    The suffix _____ is added to the stem name of alcohols.

    <p>–ol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following alcohols with their primary usage:

    <p>Methanol = High-performance fuel Ethanol = Alcoholic drinks and fuel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using an excess of acidified potassium dichromate(VI) when oxidizing a primary alcohol?

    <p>To ensure all of the alcohol is oxidized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Heating under reflux allows any aldehyde formed to remain unchanged in the reaction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of alcohol is required to produce a carboxylic acid through oxidation with acidified potassium dichromate(VI)?

    <p>Primary alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a primary alcohol is oxidized, the reaction results in the formation of a ______.

    <p>carboxylic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the oxidation reaction with their roles:

    <p>Primary alcohol = Substrate being oxidized Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) = Oxidizing agent Reflux = Process to ensure complete reaction Carboxylic acid = Final product of the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced when alcohol burns completely in a plentiful supply of oxygen?

    <p>Carbon dioxide and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The oxidation of primary alcohols always results in the production of carboxylic acids, regardless of the conditions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color change occurs when dichromate (VI) ions are reduced to chromium(III) ions?

    <p>Orange to green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The complete combustion of ethanol is represented by the equation $C_2H_5OH(l) + 3O_2(g) ightarrow 2CO_2(g) + 3H_2O(l)$, where ethanol is a type of ______.

    <p>alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following alcohols with their corresponding oxidized products:

    <p>Butan-1-ol = Butanal Primary alcohol = Aldehyde or Carboxylic acid Secondary alcohol = Ketone Tertiary alcohol = No reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of tertiary alcohols?

    <p>The -OH group is attached to a carbon with no hydrogen atoms and three alkyl groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    2-Methylpropan-2-ol is an example of a tertiary alcohol.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one example of a tertiary alcohol.

    <p>2-Methylbutan-2-ol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In tertiary alcohols, the carbon atom to which the -OH group is attached has __________ alkyl groups.

    <p>three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following tertiary alcohols with their structures:

    <p>2-Methylpropan-2-ol = A branched structure with the -OH on the central carbon with three tertiary branches. 2-Methylbutan-2-ol = A branched structure with the -OH on the second carbon of a four-carbon chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a secondary alcohol?

    <p>Propan-2-ol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A secondary alcohol has the -OH group attached to a carbon atom that is connected to two hydrogen atoms.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name a secondary alcohol that has four carbon atoms.

    <p>Pentan-3-ol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a secondary alcohol, the -OH group is attached to a carbon that is connected to one hydrogen atom and ____ alkyl groups.

    <p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following secondary alcohols with their carbon chain lengths:

    <p>Propan-2-ol = 3 carbon atoms Pentan-3-ol = 5 carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color does the acidified dichromate(VI) turn when added to a tertiary alcohol?

    <p>Remains orange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tertiary alcohols can undergo oxidation reactions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the color of dichromate(VI) when it reacts with a tertiary alcohol?

    <p>The color remains orange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tertiary alcohols are resistant to __________ reactions.

    <p>oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of alcohols with their oxidation behavior:

    <p>Tertiary alcohols = Do not undergo oxidation Primary alcohols = Oxidize to aldehydes Secondary alcohols = Oxidize to ketones Saturated alcohols = Behavior depends on structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a primary alcohol?

    <p>The -OH group is attached to a carbon with two hydrogens and one alkyl group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Methanol and ethanol are classified as secondary alcohols.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of methanol in the alcohol homologous series?

    <p>Primary alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A primary alcohol has a -OH group attached to a carbon with two _________ and one alkyl group.

    <p>hydrogen atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following alcohols with their classification:

    <p>Methanol = Primary Ethanol = Primary Isopropanol = Secondary Tert-butanol = Tertiary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main product formed when an alcohol undergoes dehydration?

    <p>Alkene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when a secondary alcohol is oxidized?

    <p>Ketone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is possible to further oxidize ketones using acidified dichromate(VI) ions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dehydration of alcohol involves the addition of a water molecule to the reaction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method is used to prepare an aldehyde from a primary alcohol?

    <p>Distillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction is dehydration of alcohol categorized as?

    <p>Elimination reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During dehydration of alcohols, _____ is often used as an acid catalyst.

    <p>concentrated sulfuric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To prepare a carboxylic acid from a primary alcohol, one must heat the alcohol under ______.

    <p>reflux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components involved in dehydration reactions with their roles:

    <p>Alcohol = Starting material for dehydration Acid catalyst = Facilitates the reaction Alkene = Product of dehydration Water = Byproduct of the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced when an alcohol reacts with hydrogen halides?

    <p>Haloalkane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sulfuric acid is not needed during the reaction of alcohols with hydrogen halides.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of sodium bromide in the preparation of haloalkanes?

    <p>It reacts with sulfuric acid to produce hydrogen bromide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process used to heat alcohols with hydrogen halides is called __________.

    <p>reflux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components with their roles in the reaction of alcohols with hydrogen halides:

    <p>NaBr = Source of bromide ion H₂SO₄ = Catalyst that generates HBr HBr = Reagent that converts alcohol to haloalkane Alcohol = Starting material for haloalkane synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Preparation of carboxylic acids

    • If a primary alcohol is heated strongly under reflux, with an excess of acidified potassium dichromate(VI), a carboxylic acid is formed
    • Use of an excess of the acidified potassium dichromate(VI) ensures that all of the alcohol is oxidised
    • Heating under reflux ensures that any aldehyde formed initially in the reaction also undergoes oxidation to the carboxylic acid

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the properties, uses, and oxidation reactions of alcohols. This quiz covers topics such as the primary uses of methanol, the role of acidified potassium dichromate(VI), and the types of alcohols involved in these reactions. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand alcohol chemistry!

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