10 Questions
What is the charge that an atom appears to have when the electrons are distributed according to certain rules?
Oxidation number
What is the sum of oxidation numbers in a molecule?
Zero
What is the oxidation number of oxygen in a peroxide?
-1
What is the oxidation number of copper in a compound?
+1 or +2
What is the oxidation number of manganese in a compound?
+2, +3, or +7
What is the oxidation number of an uncombined element?
0
What is the oxidation number of a Group 1 element in a compound?
+1
What is the sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a complex ion?
The charge on the complex ion
What is the oxidation number of hydrogen when bonded to a non-metal?
+1
What is the oxidation number of oxygen when bonded to fluorine?
+2
Study Notes
Oxidation Numbers
- Oxidation number is the charge an atom appears to have when electrons are distributed according to certain rules.
- Uncombined element has an oxidation number of zero.
Rules for Oxidation Numbers
- Sum of oxidation numbers in a molecule is zero.
- Oxidation number of an ion of an element is the same as its charge.
- Sum of oxidation numbers of all atoms in a complex ion equals the charge on that ion.
Oxidation Numbers of Specific Elements
- Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 when bonded.
- Oxygen has an oxidation number of -2, except:
- In peroxides, its oxidation number is -1.
- When bonded to fluorine, its oxidation number is +2.
- Group 1 elements have an oxidation number of +1 in compounds.
- Group 2 elements have an oxidation number of +2 in compounds.
- Halogens have an oxidation number of -1 when bonded to a less electronegative atom.
Transition Metal Oxidation States
- Chromium: +2, +3, +6
- Manganese: +2, +3, +4, +6, +7
- Iron: +2, +3, +6
- Copper: +1, +2
Learn about the rules of oxidation numbers, including the oxidation states of transition metals like chromium, manganese, iron, and copper. Understand how to calculate the oxidation number of an ion and the sum of oxidation numbers in a molecule.
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