18 Questions
What is the main reason for the importance of metabolizing nitrogen functionalities like amines and amides?
To facilitate the synthesis of natural products and drugs
Which class do aromatic and heterocyclic nitrogen compounds belong to?
Heterocyclic
What is the key role of hepatic CYP mixed-function oxidase enzymes in the oxidation process involving tertiary aliphatic and alicyclic amines?
Facilitating the removal of alkyl groups from amines
What is the primary product formed during oxidative N-dealkylation of tertiary amines?
Carbinolamine intermediate
Why is N-dealkylation of the t-butyl group not possible by the carbinolamine pathway?
Because α-carbon hydroxylation cannot occur on t-butyl
'Secondary amines' belong to which class of nitrogen-containing compounds?
Aliphatic amines
Where does enzymatic introduction of a hydroxyl group into a monosubstituted cyclohexane ring generally occur?
C-4
Which type of biotransformation process involves hydroxylation of the -carbon atom attached directly to the heteroatom (N, O, S)?
Oxidative N-dealkylation
What is a common functionality found in most drugs and foreign compounds?
Sulfur
Which group is susceptible to mixed-function oxidation (alicyclic hydroxylation)?
Cyclohexyl group
Which type of process involves oxidative N-, O-, and S-dealkylation reactions?
Oxidative N-dealkylation
Which type of functional groups are involved in metabolic oxidation processes?
Nitrogen and oxygen functionalities
What type of metabolites are formed in the hydroxylation of cyclic amides to the nitrogen atom?
Carbinolamides
Which process involves the conversion of carbon-sulfur double bonds to carbon-oxygen double bonds?
Desulfuration
What is the result of S-oxidation?
Sulfoxide derivatives
Which group is susceptible to N-oxidation involving oxidative bond cleavage?
Secondary amines
What are the intermediate products in oxidative processes like benzylic, allylic, or aliphatic hydroxylation?
Carbinol metabolites
What undergoes spontaneous carbon-oxygen bond cleavage in the biotransformation of ethers?
Hemiacetal or hemiketal
Explore the metabolism of nitrogen functionalities such as amines and amides, which are present in natural products and drugs. Understand the importance of oxidation reactions involving carbon-nitrogen systems in the context of various compounds.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
