Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the term often used negatively when protests arise against expanding the federal government's role in the economy, even when defending existing programs like Medicare?
What is the term often used negatively when protests arise against expanding the federal government's role in the economy, even when defending existing programs like Medicare?
- Socialism (correct)
- Liberalism
- Conservatism
- Capitalism
What type of action did President Obama take in 2009 to expedite the recruitment and hiring of returning veterans within the federal government?
What type of action did President Obama take in 2009 to expedite the recruitment and hiring of returning veterans within the federal government?
- Executive order (correct)
- Constitutional amendment
- Legislative bill
- Judicial review
During the Great Depression, which social safety net component was introduced by the federal government?
During the Great Depression, which social safety net component was introduced by the federal government?
- Food stamps
- Relief checks (correct)
- Housing assistance
- Unemployment benefits
The Union Pacific Railroad was granted land and resources for what purpose?
The Union Pacific Railroad was granted land and resources for what purpose?
The Hoover Dam is an example of what type of policy project?
The Hoover Dam is an example of what type of policy project?
What was significantly lacking for American workers in 1930, as exemplified by the Ford automotive plant in Long Beach, California?
What was significantly lacking for American workers in 1930, as exemplified by the Ford automotive plant in Long Beach, California?
Which president discussed Social Security reform in Florida during the early part of his second term?
Which president discussed Social Security reform in Florida during the early part of his second term?
Which NASA space shuttle launched from the Kennedy Space Center in 2007?
Which NASA space shuttle launched from the Kennedy Space Center in 2007?
What type of activity is PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) engaged in when they publicize their stance on animal treatment?
What type of activity is PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) engaged in when they publicize their stance on animal treatment?
What is the role of the Congressional Budget Office (CBO)?
What is the role of the Congressional Budget Office (CBO)?
What is the purpose of the White House petition website?
What is the purpose of the White House petition website?
How are income taxes structured in the United States?
How are income taxes structured in the United States?
Taxes on gasoline based on the quantity purchased are classified as what type of tax?
Taxes on gasoline based on the quantity purchased are classified as what type of tax?
According to the U.S. Federal Spending chart for the Fiscal Year of 2017, approximately what percentage of the spending was discretionary?
According to the U.S. Federal Spending chart for the Fiscal Year of 2017, approximately what percentage of the spending was discretionary?
Which event preceded high fuel prices, exceeding $3.00 a gallon in 2005?
Which event preceded high fuel prices, exceeding $3.00 a gallon in 2005?
In the context of air pollution from a power plant, why is the 'tragedy of the commons' applicable?
In the context of air pollution from a power plant, why is the 'tragedy of the commons' applicable?
What critical task does the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) perform regarding proposed legislation?
What critical task does the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) perform regarding proposed legislation?
How did the federal government support the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad?
How did the federal government support the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad?
Why are taxes on gasoline considered regressive?
Why are taxes on gasoline considered regressive?
What distinguishes discretionary spending from mandatory spending in the U.S. federal budget?
What distinguishes discretionary spending from mandatory spending in the U.S. federal budget?
American workers in 1930 had limited economic protections. Which legislation sought to address and rectify that widespread issue in later times?
American workers in 1930 had limited economic protections. Which legislation sought to address and rectify that widespread issue in later times?
What is the underlying principle that connects the protests against the Affordable Care Act, discussions about Social Security, and debates over funding space exploration?
What is the underlying principle that connects the protests against the Affordable Care Act, discussions about Social Security, and debates over funding space exploration?
Imagine a scenario where a state government decides to heavily subsidize the cost of electric vehicles for its citizens but funds this initiative by significantly increasing taxes on gasoline. Which of the following policy dynamics is BEST exemplified by this action?
Imagine a scenario where a state government decides to heavily subsidize the cost of electric vehicles for its citizens but funds this initiative by significantly increasing taxes on gasoline. Which of the following policy dynamics is BEST exemplified by this action?
In 2017, U.S. federal spending on Medicare & Medicaid was $966 billion, while Social Security spending was $939 billion. If these programs were to face significant funding shortfalls in the future, and Congress decided to address this by reducing funds from discretionary spending categories proportionally, which sector would likely face the MOST substantial cuts in absolute dollar terms, based on spending patterns illustrated in the U.S. Federal Spending in the Fiscal Year of 2017?
In 2017, U.S. federal spending on Medicare & Medicaid was $966 billion, while Social Security spending was $939 billion. If these programs were to face significant funding shortfalls in the future, and Congress decided to address this by reducing funds from discretionary spending categories proportionally, which sector would likely face the MOST substantial cuts in absolute dollar terms, based on spending patterns illustrated in the U.S. Federal Spending in the Fiscal Year of 2017?
Flashcards
Executive Orders
Executive Orders
Public policy that is undertaken at the discretion of the president.
Social Safety Net
Social Safety Net
Government-run programs intended to protect individuals during hardships.
Tragedy of the Commons
Tragedy of the Commons
A situation where individuals acting independently and rationally will deplete a shared resource, even when it is clear that it is not in anyone's long-term interest.
Distributive Policy
Distributive Policy
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Federal Debt
Federal Debt
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Progressive Taxes
Progressive Taxes
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Regressive Taxes
Regressive Taxes
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Congressional Budget Office
Congressional Budget Office
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Study Notes
Domestic Policy
- Tea Party members protested against the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in 2011.
- Protests often label expanding federal economic roles as "socialism," even when defending government programs like Medicare.
- President Obama signed a 2009 executive order to expedite the hiring of returning veterans.
- Executive orders are expressions of public policy made at the president's discretion.
- During the Great Depression in 1937, families in Calipatria, California, relied on newly introduced government relief checks.
- A 19th-century subsistence farm in West Virginia included crops, livestock, and an orchard.
- Uncontrolled air pollution is considered a "tragedy of the commons".
- The Union Pacific Railroad received land and resources as part of a distributive policy to build a national railroad; workers constructed the Devil's Gate Bridge in Utah in 1869.
- The Hoover Dam was a distributive policy project constructed in Nevada in 1932.
- In 1930, American workers had limited economic protections if injured.
- President George W. Bush discussed Social Security in Florida in 2005.
- NASA launched the space shuttle Discovery from the Kennedy Space Center in 2007.
- In 2010, PETA members protested against a local zoo.
- PETA often publicizes its stance on animal treatment.
- Michelle Obama showed off her AARP card in January 2014.
- AARP is a major policy advocate for older people and retirees.
- The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) analyzes proposed legislation's impact on the budget and tracks federal debt.
- A 2010 CBO chart showed federal debt as a percentage of GDP from 1790-2010, with projections to 2035.
- The White House petition website encourages citizen participation in democracy.
- Strategists discussed the budget in the Roosevelt Room of the White House in 2009.
- In 2015, U.S. federal spending was about 60% mandatory and 40% discretionary.
- The war in Afghanistan, ongoing since 2001, has cost the U.S. billions in discretionary military spending authorized by Congress.
- Income taxes in the U.S. are progressive.
- In 2005, gas prices rose above $3.00 a gallon after Hurricane Katrina.
- Taxes on gasoline are regressive since they are based on the quantity purchased.
- In terms of total revenue for the U.S. Government in 2015:
- Corporate income taxes made up 10.6%.
- Payroll taxes made up 32.8%.
- Individual income taxes made up 47.4%.
- Excise taxes made up 3%.
- Other taxes made up 6.2%.
- Investors crowded Wall Street during the Bankers Panic of 1907.
- Alan Greenspan was chair of the Federal Reserve from 1987 to 2006.
- Janet Yellen succeeded Ben Bernanke in 2014, and Jerome Powell succeeded her in February 2018.
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