Nervous System Overview

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Which part of the nervous system is responsible for integration of simple responses and transmitting information to and from the brain?

Somatic sensory division

Autonomic motor division

Central nervous system (correct)

Peripheral nervous system

Which part of the peripheral nervous system carries messages away from the CNS to effectors like muscles and glands?

Sympathetic division

Visceral sensory division

Somatic sensory division

Somatic motor division (correct)

What type of neurons carry input from sensory organs towards the CNS?

Interneurons

Sensory (afferent) neurons (correct)

Motor neurons

Autonomic neurons

Which division of the autonomic motor division is responsible for the 'rest and digest' response?

Parasympathetic division Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the PNS receives input from skin, fascia, joints, skeletal muscle, and special senses?

Somatic sensory division Signup and view all the answers

In the nervous system, what are bundles of axons of motor and sensory neurons known as?

Nerves Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for controlling effectors like muscles and glands?

Central nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What type of neurons are found exclusively in the CNS?

Interneurons Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the PNS innervates skeletal muscles?

Somatic motor division Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for perception, integration of input, emotion, memory?

Central nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

Receive input and generate graded potentials Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell wraps around portions of multiple axons in the CNS to form myelination?

Oligodendrocytes Signup and view all the answers

In the nervous system, where does integration of sensory information occur?

In the CNS (brain or spinal cord) Signup and view all the answers

Which glial cells in the PNS support neuron cell bodies within ganglia?

Satellite cells Signup and view all the answers

Where does the action potential originate in a neuron?

Axon hillock Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of astrocytes in the CNS?

Induce the blood-brain barrier Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a neuron carries electrical signals away from the cell body?

Axon terminals Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of ependymal cells in the nervous system?

Help circulate cerebrospinal fluid Signup and view all the answers

What do Schwann cells do when an axon of a peripheral neuron is damaged?

Wrap around a short segment of a single axon to provide myelination Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of microglia in the CNS?

Migrate to phagocytose debris and waste Signup and view all the answers

Match the following divisions of the nervous system with their primary functions:

Central Nervous System (CNS) = Integration of input, emotion, memory Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) = Consists of nerves and sensory structures Sensory (afferent) neurons = Carry input from sensory organs towards the CNS Motor (efferent) neurons = Carry messages away from the CNS to effectors Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sensory divisions of the PNS with their respective inputs:

Somatic sensory division = Receives input from skin, fascia, joints, skeletal muscle, and special senses Visceral sensory division = Receives input from viscera (e.g. internal organs) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following motor divisions of the PNS with their respective effectors:

Somatic motor division = Innervates skeletal muscle (voluntary effector) Autonomic motor division = Innervates cardiac and smooth muscle and glands (involuntary effectors) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following autonomic divisions with their responses:

Sympathetic division = 'Fight or flight' response Parasympathetic division = 'Rest and digest' response Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parts of the CNS with their functions:

Brain = Involved in perception, integration of input, emotion, memory Spinal cord = Integration of simple responses and transmits information to and from brain Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parts of a neuron with their functions:

Cell body = Receives input; location for most organelles Dendrites = Receive input; graded potentials occur here Axon = Carries electrical signals away from the cell body; action potentials occur here Axon terminals = Release neurotransmitters to communicate with the target cell Signup and view all the answers

Match the following glial cells with their functions in the nervous system:

Satellite cells = Support neuron cell bodies within ganglia of the PNS Schwann cell = Wraps around axon forming myelin; aids in regeneration of damaged neurons Oligodendrocytes = Wrap around portions of multiple axons to form myelination in the CNS Microglia = Resident immune cells that phagocytose debris, waste, pathogens in the CNS Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sensory structures/components with their roles in the response pathway:

Sensory receptors in eyes = Detect light stimuli Mechanoreceptors in skin = Detect touch/pressure stimuli Sensory neurons = Transmit input to the CNS Motor neurons = Send commands to effectors like muscles Signup and view all the answers

Match the following glial cells with their roles in regulating neuron environment:

Ependymal cells = Line ventricles of the brain and spinal cord; help circulate cerebral spinal fluid Astrocytes = Regulate neuron environment by removing excess K+ and taking up neurotransmitters Oligodendrocytes = Form myelination to speed up conduction in the CNS Microglia = Migrate through CNS to phagocytose debris, waste, pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Match the following nerve cell parts with their functions:

Axon hillock = Portion near cell body where action potential originates Cell body = Location for most organelles; receives input Dendrites = Highly branched extensions that receive input; graded potentials occur here Axon terminals = Bulges at end of axon that release neurotransmitters Signup and view all the answers