Overview of Internet History

The internet evolved through various computing methods: Batch Processing focused on one task at a time, while Time Sharing allowed multiple users to access a single computer simultaneously.
DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Project Agency) was crucial in the development of early networking technologies.

ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network) served as the foundation for contemporary internet structure.
Rand Corporation played a role in military network development in the United States.
NPL (National Physical Laboratory) developed a commercial laboratory network in England.
Cyclades functioned as a scientific network in France.

The IMP (Interface Message Processor) was essential for facilitating communication on networks.
The Network Working Group (NWG) helped to standardize protocols, leading to enhanced communication practices.
NCP (Network Control Protocol) was one of the earlier protocols used for data communication.

The introduction of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) was a significant advancement for reliable data transmission.
Packet Switching technology was developed to improve data handling by breaking files into smaller packets, thus preventing line congestion.

In 1962, the U.S. discovered a medium to long-range missile in Cuba, highlighting the geopolitical context of technology development.
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) and OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) were established to create universal standards for network communications.
On February 28, 1990, the hardware for ARPANET was officially removed, marking the end of its operation and the transition to more modern networks.