Overview of Ethics and Morality

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of etiquette in society?

To define norms of correct conduct (correct)

To dictate moral philosophy

To govern the economics of a community

To serve as a legal binding document

Which of the following is NOT a source of law in the Philippines?

Judicial Decisions

Constitution

Social Media Opinions (correct)

Customs

What does the phrase 'ignorance of the law excuses no one' imply?

Only knowledgeable individuals are subject to the law

Laws must be universally known to be enforced

Laws are optional if one is unaware of them

Everyone is equally accountable under the law regardless of their knowledge of it (correct)

Which of the following best describes ethical relativism?

Right and wrong are determined by societal norms Signup and view all the answers

What do professional codes govern?

The conduct of individuals within a profession Signup and view all the answers

In the context of law, what does 'legality' refer to?

The extent to which something conforms to legal requirements Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a professional code?

The Code of Professional Responsibility for Lawyers Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of the sources of law in the Philippines?

They establish legal precedents for future cases Signup and view all the answers

What does ethics primarily investigate?

Questions of right and wrong, duty and obligation Signup and view all the answers

How do moral standards differ from other standards?

They concern behaviors that can profoundly benefit or injure people Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of ethics deals with the nature of moral judgments?

Metaethics Signup and view all the answers

What is ethical relativism primarily concerned with?

The variability of moral judgments across cultures Signup and view all the answers

What should moral standards be justified by?

Adequacy and quality of reasons (moral principles) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main distinction between ethics and morality?

Ethics involves a theory of right action while morality relates to human conduct Signup and view all the answers

Why are moral standards prioritized over other standards?

Because they concern serious consequences for human welfare Signup and view all the answers

What role does duty and obligation play in ethics?

They guide individuals on how to act morally and ethically Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Overview of Ethics

Ethics concerns individual character and moral rules guiding conduct.
Investigates questions related to right and wrong, duty, obligation, and moral responsibility.
Central inquiry: How should individuals act for the greater good?

Morality vs. Ethics

Morality reflects on the rightness or wrongness of human actions.
Ethics provides a theoretical framework for the practice of morality.

Standards Affecting Human Behavior

Moral Standards: Focus on behavior with serious consequences for human welfare; prioritized over self-interest.
Acceptance of moral standards depends on adequate reasons and moral principles justifying them.
Etiquette: Norms of appropriate conduct in society or special social behaviors and courtesy.
Law: Rules of conduct established by legitimate authority, obligatory and for common benefit.
Sources of law in the Philippines include the Constitution, legislative enactments, executive orders, judicial decisions, and customs.

Legal Principles in the Philippines

Ignorance of the law is not an excuse for non-compliance (Art. 3, The New Civil Code).
Distinction between legality and morality is crucial in discussions of ethical behavior.

Professional Codes

Govern conduct of professionals; ensuring accountability and ethical behavior within professions.
Examples include the Code of Professional Responsibility for lawyers and the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants in the Philippines.

Ethical Relativism

Suggests that rightness is culturally determined; morality varies based on societal norms.
The goodness or badness of an act is contingent upon the cultural context in which it occurs.

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Description

Explore the foundational concepts of ethics, morality, and the standards that shape human behavior and relationships. This quiz emphasizes the differences between ethics and morality and delves into the idea of ethical relativism. Assess your understanding of these critical themes in moral philosophy.