Overview of Diseases and Vaccination Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What type of disorders cause issues in tissues, organs, or body structures?

Infectious diseases

Autoimmune diseases

Degenerative diseases (correct)

Metabolic disorders

Which of the following is an example of a neurodegenerative disease?

Thalassemia

Down syndrome

Alzheimer's disease (correct)

Sickle cell anemia

What is the primary characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases?

They are primarily caused by infections.

They cause gradual breakdown of the nervous system. (correct)

They affect only the muscular system.

They resolve over time.

Which condition is NOT typically classified as a degenerative disease?

Diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What type of disease is sickle cell anemia considered?

Genetic disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is classified as a metabolic disease?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What are microorganisms commonly referred to as?

Microbes Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is NOT an example of a neurodegenerative disease?

Diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a metabolic disease?

Abnormal chemical reactions disrupting metabolism Signup and view all the answers

Where can microorganisms typically be found?

On various surfaces, including air and food Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with moderate severity?

Breathing difficulty Signup and view all the answers

Which condition indicates severe respiratory failure?

Acute respiratory distress syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is a severe symptom characterized by low levels of oxygen in the blood?

Hypoxemia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom associated with severe respiratory issues?

Breathing difficulty Signup and view all the answers

Which severe symptom is related to a problem with the rate of the heartbeat?

Arrhythmia Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of inactivated vaccines?

They consist of dead versions of the germs that cause the disease. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is commonly prevented by an inactivated vaccine?

Hepatitis A Signup and view all the answers

Why might individuals need many doses of an inactivated vaccine?

Inactivated vaccines provide weaker protection than attenuated vaccines. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential disadvantage of inactivated vaccines compared to attenuated vaccines?

They do not provide as strong protection. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these vaccines is NOT inactivated?

Measles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of the rigidity in certain blood cells on the circulatory system?

It causes blockages in capillaries. Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is particularly vulnerable to damage due to restricted blood flow caused by certain blood cell characteristics?

Spleen Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom experienced by individuals affected by undefined rigid blood cells?

Repetitive vascular occlusive crises Signup and view all the answers

How does reduced blood flow due to certain blood cells impact the body?

It can lead to organ damage. Signup and view all the answers

What level of symptom severity can individuals experience due to vascular occlusive crises?

A range of symptoms from mild to severe and repetitive. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Genetic Disease

Examples include Down syndrome, Thalassemia, and sickle cell anemia.

Degenerative Disease

Cause problems in tissues, organs, or body structures.
In neurodegenerative diseases, the nervous system breaks down over time.
Examples include Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease.

Metabolic Disease

Caused by abnormal chemical reactions in the body that disrupt metabolism.
Examples include Diabetes and hypertension.

Microbial Concept of Infectious Disease

Microorganisms, also called microbes, are present in air, food, and plants, and are found on all surfaces.

Symptoms - Moderate

Breathing difficulty and tachypnea (abnormally rapid breathing).

Symptoms - Severe

Hypoxemia (low level of oxygen in the blood), acute respiratory distress syndrome (deteriorating respiratory failure), arrhythmia (a problem with the rate of the heartbeat), and septic shock due to multi-organ dysfunction.

Inactivated Vaccine

Dead version of the germs that cause the disease can be used.
This type of vaccine does not provide as strong protection as an attenuated vaccine.
May need many doses.
Examples include hepatitis A, influenza, and polio.

Sickle Cell Disease Symptoms

Some individuals will have mild symptoms, while others will have repetitive vascular occlusive crises.
Sickle cells are very rigid, causing them to become stuck in the narrow capillaries, which reduces blood flow to various parts of the body and results in organ damage, especially the spleen.

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Description

This quiz covers various types of diseases including genetic, degenerative, and metabolic diseases, along with the microbial concept of infectious diseases. It also discusses symptoms associated with moderate and severe conditions, and provides insights into inactivated vaccines. Test your understanding of these essential health topics!