Aquatic Animal Diseases and Vaccines
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Questions and Answers

What is the route of entry of Vibriosis in fish?

  • Through the gill (correct)
  • Through the skin
  • Through the intestine
  • Through the eyes

What is the ideal temperature range for Ichthyophthiriasis?

  • 30-35°C
  • 40-45°C
  • 20-26°C (correct)
  • 10-15°C

What is the effect of dipping in the vaccine without hyperosmotic shock on antibody titre?

  • Increases antibody titre
  • Depends on the type of vaccine
  • Has no effect on antibody titre
  • Decreases antibody titre (correct)

Which of the following methods of immunization is most stressful to fish?

<p>Injection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Lactobacillus in the gut?

<p>Produces lactic acid that inhibits putrefactive microbes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the spectrum of Lactococcus bacteriocins?

<p>Narrow spectrum, only against Gram-positive bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective method of immunization against Ichthyophthiriasis?

<p>Topical application (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the titre of fish injected with homogenized trophozoite preparation without adjuvant?

<p>1:2560 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In indirect immunofluorescence, the antibody specific for the antigen is?

<p>unlabeled (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ELISA?

<p>to detect the presence of antigens or antibodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of c.FK-565 on leucocytes?

<p>It activates leucocytes in vitro (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of bioassay?

<p>to detect the presence of toxins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of nucleic acid-based diagnostics?

<p>to identify the molecule of interest from a complex mixture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Vitamin C on immune response in fish?

<p>It enhances antibody production and complement activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of PCR?

<p>to amplify specific DNA sequences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Vitamin E on immune response in mammals?

<p>It enhances both humoral and cellular immune responses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major benefit of using a drug delivery system?

<p>improving efficiency of drug under treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of exogenous Growth Hormone on lymphocytes in fish?

<p>It has mitogenic activity on lymphocytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following β-glucans is known for its high water solubility?

<p>Laminaran (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of the immunopotentiator Glycyrrhizin?

<p>Unknown plant source (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another benefit of using a drug delivery system?

<p>improving bioavailability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Prolactin on leucocytes in rainbow trout?

<p>It increases the production of superoxide anion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another benefit of using a drug delivery system?

<p>improving therapeutic outcome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Melanin stimulating hormone and Melanin concentrating hormone on head kidney leucocytes?

<p>They stimulate phagocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Thymosin (28 amino acids)?

<p>Enhances the production of IL and causes receptors for IL to be displayed on the T lymphocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of the peptide that activates head kidney leucocytes of salmon?

<p>Enzymatic hydrolysate of cod protein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cytokines?

<p>They are involved in the transmission of signals between leukocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of EF 203 on kidney leucocytes?

<p>It increases NBT reduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Chitin?

<p>Acts like an unspecific irritant of the leucocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of the immunopotentiator Laminaran?

<p>Sublittoral brown algae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of FK-156 (Lipopeptide)?

<p>Enhances resistance to microbial infections in warm-blooded animals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is reported to produce BLIS, which is antagonistic to Aeromonads and Vibrio spp.?

<p>Media (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of the immunopotentiator Glycans?

<p>Echinacea purpurea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Saccharomyces boulardii against diarrheal infections?

<p>Removal of toxin receptors by protease activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antifungal compound produced by Alteromonas sp.(strain 1-2)?

<p>Isatin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of the immunostimulant Macrogard?

<p>Saccharomyces cerevisiae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Macrogard on haemocytes in prawns?

<p>Induces degranulation and activates prophenol oxidase system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immunostimulant is derived from the basidiomycete, Coriolus versicolor?

<p>Krestin (PSK) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Lentinan on kidney leucocytes in fishes?

<p>Increases phagocytic activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immunostimulant induces the formation of cytotoxic macrophages and generates antitumour activity in humans?

<p>Schizophyllan (Sizofiran) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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