Ear and Sinus Infections
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Questions and Answers

What is a common cause of acute otitis media?

  • Allergies to environmental factors
  • Viral infections of the upper respiratory tract (correct)
  • Excessive earwax buildup
  • Direct exposure to loud noises

    • What role does the buildup of fluid in the middle ear play in otitis media?

  • It prevents the eustachian tubes from functioning properly.
  • It reduces inflammation.
  • It enhances auditory function.
  • It promotes the growth of bacteria. (correct)

    • Which of the following conditions can lead to inflammation of the eustachian tubes?

  • Viral infections like pharyngitis (correct)
  • Exposure to allergens
  • Tympanic membrane perforation
  • Chronic sinusitis

    • Which statement is true regarding acute otitis media?

    <p>It can arise from viral infections leading to fluid buildup.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might result if the eustachian tubes remain inflamed?

    <p>Increased risk of ear infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Viral infections of the upper respiratory tract can lead to acute otitis media.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The buildup of fluid in the middle ear does not contribute to bacterial growth.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Acute otitis media is solely caused by bacterial infections.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Eustachian tube inflammation can occur due to pharyngitis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inflammation of the eustachian tubes can prevent normal fluid drainage from the middle ear.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary symptom of epiglottitis in children?

    <p>Difficulty and painful swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the introduction of the Hib vaccine affected the incidence of epiglottitis?

    <p>It has decreased the incidence significantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is commonly associated with acute ear infections in young children?

    <p>Moraxella catarrhalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by inflammation of the four pairs of sinuses in the skull?

    <p>Sinusitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of bacterial sinusitis?

    <p>Viral upper respiratory infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is at higher risk of more serious infections caused by Moraxella catarrhalis?

    <p>Young children and those with weakened immune systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is associated with airway obstruction in epiglottitis?

    <p>Wheezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes bacterial sinusitis?

    <p>Not a communicable disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary shape of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

    <p>Lancet-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some infectious agents that can cause sinusitis?

    <p>A variety of viruses or bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is least likely to be a carrier of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

    <p>Infants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT typically associated with children suffering from epiglottitis?

    <p>Coughing blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs as Streptococcus pneumoniae multiplies in the middle ear?

    <p>It triggers an increased inflammatory response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Haemophilus influenzae type B is particularly known for causing which condition?

    <p>Epiglottitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'endogenous' refer to in the context of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

    <p>The presence of bacteria as part of normal flora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bacteria is commonly associated with acute otitis media in children?

    <p>Haemophilus influenzae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom experienced due to pressure in the middle ear during an infection?

    <p>Loss of hearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacteria is Streptococcus pneumoniae categorized as?

    <p>Gram positive diplococcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the body does Streptococcus pneumoniae primarily reside as part of normal flora?

    <p>Respiratory tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What bacterium is less commonly associated with ear infections compared to Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae?

    <p>Clostridium difficile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Streptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram negative bacillus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Carrier status for Streptococcus pneumoniae is uncommon in healthy individuals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Haemophilus influenzae type B is especially known for causing ear infections in adults.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inflammation of the epiglottis can interfere with breathing.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Streptococcus pneumoniae multiplies rapidly when encountering mucus and fluid in the middle ear.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Endogenous infections occur when bacteria from external sources invade the body.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pus production in the middle ear is a result of the body's inflammatory response to an infection.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of acute otitis media.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most cases of otitis media are caused by a single type of bacteria.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The eustachian tube can allow endogenous pneumococcus to access the middle ear.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Children with epiglottitis often avoid swallowing due to severe pain and drooling.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Moraxella catarrhalis is a Gram positive cocci that primarily causes skin infections.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The incidence of epiglottitis has increased since the introduction of the Hib vaccine.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sinusitis can only be caused by bacterial infections.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bacterial sinusitis is considered a communicable disease.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hoarseness of voice is a symptom of epiglottitis in children.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sinusitis is only referred to when two pairs of sinuses are inflamed.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wheezing is a symptom of airway obstruction due to epiglottitis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Individuals with weakened immune systems are at lower risk for infections from Moraxella catarrhalis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Epiglottitis can lead to a surgical emergency if inflammation is sufficiently severe.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of untreated otitis media?

    <p>Permanent hearing impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are children more susceptible to otitis media compared to adults?

    <p>Their immune systems are still developing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common sign of otitis media?

    <p>Severe headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature in children contributes to the accumulation of fluid in the middle ear?

    <p>Larger adenoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an irritability sign indicative of otitis media in children?

    <p>Unusual irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How may enlarged adenoids exacerbate otitis media?

    <p>They can become inflamed and block the eustachian tube.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom commonly associated with otitis media may lead to a child's trouble hearing?

    <p>Fluid draining from the ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does breastfeeding play in the frequency of otitis media episodes in children?

    <p>Breastfeeding can enhance a child's immune defense.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is typically associated with the ear pain experienced in otitis media?

    <p>Severe irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason that otitis media can lead to temporary hearing loss?

    <p>The middle ear bones move improperly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Otitis Media (Ear Infection)

    • Viral upper respiratory infections (colds, flu, sore throat) inflame eustachian tubes.
    • Inflamed tubes trap fluid in the middle ear.
    • Fluid buildup promotes bacterial growth causing acute otitis media (ear infection).

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    Description

    This quiz provides an overview of otitis media, focusing on how viral upper respiratory infections can lead to ear infections. Learn about the role of inflamed eustachian tubes and fluid buildup in promoting bacterial growth. Test your understanding of the causes and implications of this common condition.

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