Other Methods of Drug Administration

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary factor that influences the choice of drug administration route?

  • The patient's age
  • The color of the drug
  • The route's popularity among practitioners
  • The properties of the drug (correct)

What is the benefit of sublingual or buccal drug administration?

  • It ensures complete digestion in the stomach.
  • It allows for larger doses than oral administration.
  • It provides rapid absorption into circulation. (correct)
  • It guarantees longer duration of effect.

Which type of oral drug preparation protects the drug from stomach acid and allows for absorption in the intestines?

  • Buccal preparations
  • Extended-release preparations
  • Enteric-coated preparations (correct)
  • Sublingual preparations

What is a notable advantage of subcutaneous (SC) injections compared to intravenous (IV) injections?

<p>Lower risk of hemolysis or thrombosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of using rectal administration for drugs?

<p>It avoids first-pass metabolism in the liver. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason why SC injections should not be used for certain medications?

<p>They may cause severe pain and necrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of extended-release drug preparations?

<p>They offer a slower absorption and prolonged action. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum volume that can be administered via subcutaneous injection?

<p>2 ml (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is indicated for nausea related to raised intracranial pressure?

<p>Cyclizine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subcutaneous medication is recommended for the management of agitation?

<p>Levomepromazine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary advantage of oral inhalation for drug delivery?

<p>Offers rapid delivery over a large surface area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of intravenous drug administration?

<p>Strict aseptic techniques are needed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of transdermal administration?

<p>It relies on skin characteristics for absorption rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug administration route is primarily used when a local effect is desired?

<p>Topical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is nasal inhalation considered a challenging method of drug administration?

<p>It requires a complicated technique to administer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes intrathecal/intraventricular drug delivery?

<p>Delivers drugs to the central nervous system despite the blood-brain barrier (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration is noted as the safest and most common?

<p>Oral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant disadvantage of subcutaneous drug administration?

<p>It can cause pain or necrosis if the drug is irritating (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of intravenous drug administration?

<p>Immediate effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option represents a disadvantage of the oral route of drug administration?

<p>Limited absorption of some drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of transdermal drug delivery systems?

<p>Bypasses the first-pass effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason subcutaneous administration is sometimes preferred?

<p>Suitable for slow-release drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of rectal drug administration?

<p>Drugs may irritate rectal mucosa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration is known for rapid absorption and is ideal for respiratory problems?

<p>Inhalation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue with sublingual drug absorption?

<p>Maintains drug stability due to saliva's pH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents a disadvantage of using the intramuscular route?

<p>Pain or necrosis from irritating drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of drug administration is often unsuitable for oily substances?

<p>Intravenous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the variable absorption patterns of the oral route?

<p>Presence of food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nasal Inhalation

A method of drug administration where the drug is inhaled through the nose. Can be a difficult technique.

Oral Inhalation

A drug administration method that uses the respiratory tract to deliver drugs quickly over a large surface area. Often used for anesthetics.

Intrathecal/Intraventricular

A drug administration method that delivers drugs directly into the spinal fluid, bypassing the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB). Used to treat conditions in the central nervous system.

Transdermal Administration

This technique allows the sustained release of drugs through the skin, providing consistent therapeutic levels in the body.

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Topical Administration

Applying medication directly to the skin, usually in the form of creams or lotions, to target specific issues.

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Drug Absorption

The rate at which a drug moves from its administration site into the bloodstream.

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Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB)

Refers to the barrier that protects the brain from harmful substances in the bloodstream.

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Intravenous Administration

A direct route of administration, where drugs are injected into the bloodstream, allowing for rapid effects and precise dosage.

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Sublingual/Buccal Administration

A method of drug administration involving placement under the tongue or between the cheek and gum. Enables quick absorption and easier administration.

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Enteral Administration

A drug delivery method that utilizes the GI tract. It is the most common and generally the safest route.

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Oral Administration

A type of enteral drug administration where the drug is swallowed and absorbed in the intestines.

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Rectal Administration

A way to administer drugs via the rectum, bypassing the liver's initial processing. Useful for patients who can't take oral medication or for drugs that trigger vomiting.

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Subcutaneous Injection (SC)

A drug administration method where the drug is injected into the fatty layer just below the skin.

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SC Injection and Tissue Irritation

It is important to consider potential tissue irritation when using SC injections, as this can lead to pain and tissue death.

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SC Absorption Rate

A drug given by SC injection slowly enters the bloodstream compared to IV injection.

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SC Injections for Nausea

SC injections are utilized in managing nausea caused by various factors like elevated intracranial pressure, bowel obstruction, chemical imbalances, and gastric stasis.

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SC Injections for Agitation

SC injections are used to administer medications for agitation, such as midazolam or levomepromazine, providing a calming effect.

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Sublingual Administration

A method of drug administration where the drug is placed under the tongue.

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Buccal Administration

A method of drug administration where the drug is placed between the cheek and gum.

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Drug Elimination

The process by which the body breaks down and removes a drug.

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First-Pass Metabolism

The initial processing of a drug by the liver before it reaches the bloodstream.

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Study Notes

Other Methods of Drug Administration

  • Oral inhalation - rapid delivery of drug over large surface area of respiratory tract.

    • Anesthetics are applied this way.
    • Have a quick and local effect.
    • Can use smaller doses.
    • Side effects are limited.
    • Technique of administration is hard to achieve.
  • Nasal inhalation

  • Intrathecal/intraventricular - BBB prevents or delays some drugs entering CNS.

  • Topical - useful when local effect of drug is needed (creams).

  • Transdermal - achieves systemic effects by applying to skin via transdermal patch. Rate of absorption can vary depending on skin characteristics and lipid solubility of drug.

    • Used for sustained delivery of drugs such as anti-anginal drug.

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