OT 505 Module 2: Shoulder Girdle
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Questions and Answers

What can tightness in the pectoralis minor lead to?

  • Enhanced muscle strength
  • Compression of the brachial plexus (correct)
  • Increased shoulder flexibility
  • Improved scapulohumeral rhythm

    • What is the primary movement that occurs during the first 30 degrees of shoulder abduction?

  • Scapulothoracic movement domination (correct)
  • Full contribution from the scapula
  • Simultaneous movement of the GH and scapulothoracic joints
  • Only upward rotation of the scapula

    • What is the ratio of movement between the GH joint and the scapulothoracic joint after the first 30 degrees of shoulder motion?

  • 2:1 (correct)
  • 1:1
  • 1:2
  • 3:1

    • What is one of the purposes of scapulohumeral rhythm?

    <p>To preserve the length-tension relationship of the GH muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a goal for managing dysfunctional shoulder girdle?

    <p>Enhancing upper trapezius strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue associated with dysfunctional scapulothoracic motion?

    <p>Rotator Cuff Tendonitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'force couple' in the context of shoulder girdle movement?

    <p>Muscles working together to achieve the same movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural change occurs in the scapula as the humerus elevates during shoulder motion?

    <p>The scapula pulls down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for scapular elevation and upward rotation?

    <p>Levator Scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the middle trapezius?

    <p>Scapular retraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is involved in scapular protraction and upward rotation?

    <p>Serratus Anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves innervates the lower trapezius?

    <p>Spinal Accessory Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary action does the lower trapezius perform?

    <p>Scapular depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic best describes the origin and insertion of the rhomboids?

    <p>Originates from the spinous processes of C7 to T5, inserts on the vertebral border of scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle does not attach to the humerus and is involved in shoulder joint motion?

    <p>Trapezius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is NOT performed by the pectoralis minor?

    <p>Upward rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The upper trapezius muscle's action includes which of the following?

    <p>Scapular elevation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the angle of pull in muscle function?

    <p>It determines if the muscle is a prime mover, assisting mover, or has no role.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones are included in the shoulder girdle?

    <p>Scapula and Clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the sternoclavicular joint?

    <p>Provides the only direct attachment of the shoulder girdle to the trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement occurs during scapular elevation?

    <p>Scapula moves upwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament connects the clavicle to the first rib?

    <p>Costoclavicular Ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The glenoid fossa articulates with which bone?

    <p>Humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the coracoacromial ligament?

    <p>Serves as a protective arch over the head of the humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which motion is illustrated by the upward rotation of the scapula?

    <p>Movement away from the vertebral column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which motion would likely cause the scapular tilt?

    <p>Glenohumeral joint hyperextension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of the acromioclavicular joint?

    <p>It is a plane-shaped synovial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The inferior angle of the scapula plays a vital role in which type of scapular motion?

    <p>Upward rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint provides mobility primarily for elevation and depression of the shoulder girdle?

    <p>Sternoclavicular Joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the scapula is located at the superior, medial aspect?

    <p>Superior Angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What limitation does the downward rotation of the scapula have?

    <p>It does not move past the anatomical position towards the vertebral column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Shoulder Girdle Overview

    • The shoulder complex includes all structures related to shoulder motion, consisting of the shoulder girdle (scapula & clavicle) and shoulder joint (scapula & humerus).
    • The primary function of the shoulder and upper extremity is to position the hand for daily tasks.

    Key Bones and Landmarks

    • Scapula:

      • Superior Angle: Top medial aspect.
      • Inferior Angle: Bottom point, where vertebral and axillary borders meet.
      • Vertebral Border: Medial side of the scapula.
      • Axillary Border: Lateral side of the scapula.
      • Spine: Dorsal projection leading to the acromion.
      • Coracoid Process: Anterior projection.
      • Acromion Process: Broad area on the lateral superior aspect.
      • Glenoid Fossa: Concave surface for humeral articulation, located between axillary border and acromion.

    • Clavicle:

      • S-shaped bone connecting the upper extremity to the axial skeleton at the sternoclavicular joint.
      • Sternal End: Connects to the sternum.
      • Acromial End: Connects to the scapula.
      • Body: Section between the two ends.

    • Sternum:

      • Flat bone located in the anterior thorax.
      • Manubrium: Superior attachment for the clavicle and first rib.
      • Body: Provides attachment for additional ribs.
      • Xiphoid Process: Inferior pointed end.

    Articulations of the Shoulder Girdle

    • Sternoclavicular Joint: Directly attaches shoulder girdle to the trunk. Allows elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, and rotation.
    • Acromioclavicular Joint: Connects acromion of scapula with lateral clavicle. Stabilized by ligaments to prevent dislocation.
    • Scapulothoracic Articulation & Glenohumeral Joint: Contributes to overall movement and function.

    Scapular Motions

    • Elevation, Depression, Protraction, Retraction: Linear motions.
    • Upward Rotation: Occurs during arm lifting, moving inferior angle away from the spine.
    • Downward Rotation: Returning to anatomical position.
    • Scapular Tilt: Occurs in hyperextension of GH joint.

    Companion Motion of the Shoulder Joint and Girdle

    • Shoulder joint movements, such as flexion and abduction, are accompanied by specific scapular motions like upward rotation and protraction.

    Angle of Pull in Muscles

    • Muscle roles in motion depend on the angle of pull, size, and location concerning the joint axis, influencing whether they act as prime movers or assisting movers.

    Muscles of the Shoulder Girdle

    • Muscles contributing to scapular stability include:
      • Trapezius: Divided into upper, middle, and lower parts; responsible for elevation, retraction, and depression.
      • Levator Scapula: Elevates scapula, downward rotation.
      • Rhomboids: Retraction, elevation, and downward rotation.
      • Serratus Anterior: Protraction and upward rotation.
      • Pectoralis Minor: Depression, protraction, and downward rotation; associated with the brachial plexus.

    Scapulohumeral Rhythm

    • Describes the coordinated movement between shoulder girdle and shoulder joint; first 30º is primarily GH joint motion.
    • Overall, a 2:1 ratio of GH to scapulothoracic movement facilitates muscle efficiency and prevents impingement.

    Dysfunctional Scapulothoracic Motion

    • Common issues include weakness, rotator cuff tendonitis, impingement syndrome, AC joint injuries, and scapula bursitis.

    Goals for Managing Dysfunctional Shoulder Girdle

    • Pain management and postural orientation.
    • Scapula mobility and stability development.
    • Stretching tight structures and neuromotor training.

    Important Points

    • Shoulder girdle motions include both linear and angular movements.
    • The inferior angle serves as a reference point for scapular rotation.
    • Scapulohumeral rhythm exemplifies the synergy of shoulder girdle and joint motions.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the anatomy and function of the shoulder girdle, including the scapula, clavicle, and their roles in upper extremity movement. Designed for OT 505 students, it clarifies key terms and concepts necessary for understanding the shoulder complex and its importance in daily tasks.

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