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Questions and Answers
What is the primary involuntary symptom associated with tardive dyskinesia?
Which of the following evaluations is NOT mentioned in the content?
Which intervention focuses on minimizing the intrusiveness of positive symptoms?
What type of activities benefit individuals dealing with symptoms of tardive dyskinesia according to the content?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of positive intervention strategies?
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What is the most common psychotic disorder?
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Which of the following is NOT a symptom cluster related to psychosis?
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Which of the following factors could contribute to the onset of a psychotic disorder?
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What distinguishes brief psychotic disorder from other psychotic disorders?
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Which symptom is not typically associated with substance-induced psychotic disorder?
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What is a known risk factor for developing schizophrenia?
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What type of delusions are characteristic of a delusional disorder?
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Which type of psychotic disorder is often linked to an underlying medical condition?
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What describes the general duration of symptoms in schizophreniform disorder?
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Which symptom is commonly shared across various psychotic disorders?
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What is a key criterion for diagnosing schizophrenia according to DSM-5?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a subtype of schizophrenia?
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What is the typical prevalence rate of schizophrenia in the general population?
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Which medication is classified as a first-generation antipsychotic?
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Which symptom is an example of a negative symptom associated with schizophrenia?
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What potential impact does schizophrenia have on occupational performance?
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What characterizes the prodromal period in schizophrenia?
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Which is a common side effect of antipsychotic medications?
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Study Notes
Overview of Psychosis and Schizophrenia
- Psychosis involves a distorted perception of reality, affecting relationships and coping mechanisms.
- Schizophrenia is the most prevalent psychotic disorder.
Symptom Clusters
- Symptoms are categorized into:
- Negative Symptoms: Absence of typical emotional responses or behaviors.
- Disorganized Symptoms: Impaired reasoning, disorganized speech or behavior.
- Affective Symptoms: Related to mood disorders like depression or bipolar.
Other Psychotic Disorders
- Includes:
- Substance/Mediation-Induced Psychotic Disorder: Psychosis as a result of substance use or withdrawal.
- Schizoaffective Disorder: Psychosis with mood symptoms (e.g., depression).
- Brief Psychotic Disorder: Short-lived psychosis, usually lasting from 1 day to 1 month.
- Delusional Disorder: Fixed false beliefs that are unshakeable.
DSM V Criteria for Schizophrenia
- Diagnosis requires 2 of the following symptoms for at least 1 month:
- Hallucinations
- Delusions
- Disorganized Speech
- Disorganized or Catatonic Behavior
- Negative Symptoms
- At least one must be a hallucination, delusion, or disorganized speech, persisting for 6 months or more.
Subtypes of Schizophrenia
- Historically included:
- Catatonic
- Disorganized
- Paranoid
- Residual
- Subtypes were removed in DSM-5 due to reliability and validity concerns.
Prevalence and Course
- Prevalence rate ranges from 0.3% to 0.7% of the population.
- Early intervention is critical, particularly during the prodromal period.
Impact on Occupational Performance
- Cognitive impairments affect health, wellness, and may lead to stigma and poverty.
Medications
-
First Generation (Conventional) Antipsychotics:
- Examples: Thorazine, Haldol, Prolixin.
-
Second Generation (Atypical) Antipsychotics:
- Examples: Clozaril, Risperidal, Zyprexa, Seroquel, Abilify.
- Side effects may include sedation, anticholinergic symptoms, and movement disorders, notably tardive dyskinesia.
Evaluation and Interventions
- Assessment tools include:
- Allen’s Cognitive Levels Test
- Kohlman Evaluation of Living Skills (KELS)
- Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS)
- Adult Sensory Profile
- Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM)
- Interventions can be grouped into positive and negative strategies:
- Positive: Activities diverting attention from symptoms, self-help strategies.
- Negative: Structured activities, specific skills training, and psychoeducation.
General Interventions
- Include:
- Cognitive Remediation
- Supported Education
- Social Skills Training
- Community arts and sensory rooms.
- Training covers expressiveness, functional living skills, and vocational support.
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Description
This quiz explores the intricacies of Schizophrenia and other psychoses as outlined in OT 304. It delves into the symptom clusters such as negative, disorganized, and affective symptoms that impact individuals' ability to recognize reality and cope with life's challenges. Test your understanding of these complex mental health conditions.
